Economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in Spain

ObjectiveTo estimate the economic impact of individualized dose optimization guided by antimicrobial therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in Spain, compared to no monitoring.MethodsA cost analysis of antibiotic treatment of critically ill patients, with and without TDM, was performed using a probabilis...

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Main Authors: Santiago Grau, Sonia Luque, Olivia Ferrandez, Adela Benitez Cano, Darío Rubio-Rodríguez, Carlos Rubio-Terrés
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-02-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1506109/full
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author Santiago Grau
Santiago Grau
Sonia Luque
Olivia Ferrandez
Olivia Ferrandez
Adela Benitez Cano
Darío Rubio-Rodríguez
Carlos Rubio-Terrés
author_facet Santiago Grau
Santiago Grau
Sonia Luque
Olivia Ferrandez
Olivia Ferrandez
Adela Benitez Cano
Darío Rubio-Rodríguez
Carlos Rubio-Terrés
author_sort Santiago Grau
collection DOAJ
description ObjectiveTo estimate the economic impact of individualized dose optimization guided by antimicrobial therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in Spain, compared to no monitoring.MethodsA cost analysis of antibiotic treatment of critically ill patients, with and without TDM, was performed using a probabilistic Markov model (with second-order Monte Carlo simulations). Three scenarios were analyzed based on three published meta-analyses (Analysis 1: Pai Mangalore, 2022; Analysis 2: Sanz-Codina, 2023; Analysis 3: Takahashi, 2023).ResultsTDM, compared to the no-TDM option, generated according to the meta-analysis, a per patient expenditure of €195 (95%CI €194; €197) in analysis 1 or savings of -€301 (95%CI -€300; -€304) and -€685 (95%CI -€685; -€684) in analyses 2 and 3. The probability of TDM (vs. no-TDM) generating savings would be 39.4%, 63.5% and 79.7% in analyses 1, 2 and 3, respectively. This discrepancy in the results is due to methodological differences, in particular in the cure rate with TDM (vs. no-TDM) obtained in the meta-analyses: 12.2%, 16.6% and 16.0% more in analyses 1, 2 and 3, respectively.ConclusionIn critically ill patients undergoing antimicrobial therapy TDM, there is an increased likelihood of cure. However, the currently available data are not conclusive on the economic impact of such a therapeutic effect.
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spelling doaj-art-f954294f351a4c00a2e849953fe7831c2025-08-20T03:11:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122025-02-011610.3389/fphar.2025.15061091506109Economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in SpainSantiago Grau0Santiago Grau1Sonia Luque2Olivia Ferrandez3Olivia Ferrandez4Adela Benitez Cano5Darío Rubio-Rodríguez6Carlos Rubio-Terrés7Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, SpainUniversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SpainHospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, SpainHospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, SpainUniversitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, SpainHospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, SpainHealth Value, Madrid, SpainHealth Value, Madrid, SpainObjectiveTo estimate the economic impact of individualized dose optimization guided by antimicrobial therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in Spain, compared to no monitoring.MethodsA cost analysis of antibiotic treatment of critically ill patients, with and without TDM, was performed using a probabilistic Markov model (with second-order Monte Carlo simulations). Three scenarios were analyzed based on three published meta-analyses (Analysis 1: Pai Mangalore, 2022; Analysis 2: Sanz-Codina, 2023; Analysis 3: Takahashi, 2023).ResultsTDM, compared to the no-TDM option, generated according to the meta-analysis, a per patient expenditure of €195 (95%CI €194; €197) in analysis 1 or savings of -€301 (95%CI -€300; -€304) and -€685 (95%CI -€685; -€684) in analyses 2 and 3. The probability of TDM (vs. no-TDM) generating savings would be 39.4%, 63.5% and 79.7% in analyses 1, 2 and 3, respectively. This discrepancy in the results is due to methodological differences, in particular in the cure rate with TDM (vs. no-TDM) obtained in the meta-analyses: 12.2%, 16.6% and 16.0% more in analyses 1, 2 and 3, respectively.ConclusionIn critically ill patients undergoing antimicrobial therapy TDM, there is an increased likelihood of cure. However, the currently available data are not conclusive on the economic impact of such a therapeutic effect.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1506109/fulltherapeutic drug monitoringdose optimizationantimicrobialscritical ill patienteconomic impact
spellingShingle Santiago Grau
Santiago Grau
Sonia Luque
Olivia Ferrandez
Olivia Ferrandez
Adela Benitez Cano
Darío Rubio-Rodríguez
Carlos Rubio-Terrés
Economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in Spain
Frontiers in Pharmacology
therapeutic drug monitoring
dose optimization
antimicrobials
critical ill patient
economic impact
title Economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in Spain
title_full Economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in Spain
title_fullStr Economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in Spain
title_full_unstemmed Economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in Spain
title_short Economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in Spain
title_sort economic impact of individualized antimicrobial dose optimization in the critically ill patient in spain
topic therapeutic drug monitoring
dose optimization
antimicrobials
critical ill patient
economic impact
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1506109/full
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