Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L.
Abstract Abiotic stresses, notably cold stress, significantly influence various aspects of plant development and reproduction. Various approaches have been proposed to counteract the adverse impacts of cold stress on plant productivity. The unique properties of nanoparticles contribute to an enhance...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| author | Mohamad Javad Babaei Amin Ebrahimi Parviz Heidari Elham Azadvari Shahrokh Gharanjik Zeinab Chaghakaboodi |
| author_facet | Mohamad Javad Babaei Amin Ebrahimi Parviz Heidari Elham Azadvari Shahrokh Gharanjik Zeinab Chaghakaboodi |
| author_sort | Mohamad Javad Babaei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Abiotic stresses, notably cold stress, significantly influence various aspects of plant development and reproduction. Various approaches have been proposed to counteract the adverse impacts of cold stress on plant productivity. The unique properties of nanoparticles contribute to an enhanced tolerance of plants to challenging conditions. This study explores the impact of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on cold-stress tolerance in fenugreek, as well as genes expression involved in the diosgenin biosynthesis pathway. Varied concentrations of TiO2 NPs (0, 2, 5, and 10 ppm) were sprayed on fenugreek plants subjected to cold stress at 10 °C during 6, 24, and 48 h. Our findings revealed that the utilization of 2 and 5 ppm of TiO2 NPs, positively influenced pigments biosynthesis and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. It also effectively reduced electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content, mitigating the adverse effects of cold stress. The study also highlighted TiO2 NPs’ affirmative impact on defense signaling pathways, including abscisic acid, nitric oxide, and auxin, in fenugreek. Moreover, TiO2 NPs significantly influenced the expression of genes related to diosgenin biosynthesis. Simultaneous exposure to cold stress and TiO2 NPs led to a substantial increase in diosgenin content, with the upregulation of SEP, SQS, CAS, and SSR genes compared to control conditions. This research indicated that TiO2 NPs application could effectively stimulate fenugreek biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites, consequently enhancing plant tolerance to cold stress. The study’s outcomes hold promise for potential applications in the metabolic engineering of diosgenin in fenugreek. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f882f6024d424732b2654f579f4e8fd9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-f882f6024d424732b2654f579f4e8fd92025-01-19T12:24:01ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111610.1038/s41598-024-84472-3Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L.Mohamad Javad Babaei0Amin Ebrahimi1Parviz Heidari2Elham Azadvari3Shahrokh Gharanjik4Zeinab Chaghakaboodi5Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of TechnologyAgronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of TechnologyAgronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of TechnologyHorticultural Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of TechnologyDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Shahrood University of TechnologyPlant Production Engineering and Genetics Department, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi UniversityAbstract Abiotic stresses, notably cold stress, significantly influence various aspects of plant development and reproduction. Various approaches have been proposed to counteract the adverse impacts of cold stress on plant productivity. The unique properties of nanoparticles contribute to an enhanced tolerance of plants to challenging conditions. This study explores the impact of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on cold-stress tolerance in fenugreek, as well as genes expression involved in the diosgenin biosynthesis pathway. Varied concentrations of TiO2 NPs (0, 2, 5, and 10 ppm) were sprayed on fenugreek plants subjected to cold stress at 10 °C during 6, 24, and 48 h. Our findings revealed that the utilization of 2 and 5 ppm of TiO2 NPs, positively influenced pigments biosynthesis and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. It also effectively reduced electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content, mitigating the adverse effects of cold stress. The study also highlighted TiO2 NPs’ affirmative impact on defense signaling pathways, including abscisic acid, nitric oxide, and auxin, in fenugreek. Moreover, TiO2 NPs significantly influenced the expression of genes related to diosgenin biosynthesis. Simultaneous exposure to cold stress and TiO2 NPs led to a substantial increase in diosgenin content, with the upregulation of SEP, SQS, CAS, and SSR genes compared to control conditions. This research indicated that TiO2 NPs application could effectively stimulate fenugreek biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites, consequently enhancing plant tolerance to cold stress. The study’s outcomes hold promise for potential applications in the metabolic engineering of diosgenin in fenugreek.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84472-3Cold stressDiosgeninFenugreekFunctional stimulatorPhysiological changesTitanium dioxide |
| spellingShingle | Mohamad Javad Babaei Amin Ebrahimi Parviz Heidari Elham Azadvari Shahrokh Gharanjik Zeinab Chaghakaboodi Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Scientific Reports Cold stress Diosgenin Fenugreek Functional stimulator Physiological changes Titanium dioxide |
| title | Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. |
| title_full | Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. |
| title_fullStr | Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. |
| title_short | Titanium dioxide -mediated regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, pigments, and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. |
| title_sort | titanium dioxide mediated regulation of enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants pigments and diosgenin content promotes cold stress tolerance in trigonella foenum graecum l |
| topic | Cold stress Diosgenin Fenugreek Functional stimulator Physiological changes Titanium dioxide |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-84472-3 |
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