Maternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy: cross-sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammation

Abstract Background Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular aging associated with risk for age-related diseases and is known to be influenced by various factors, including oxidative stress and inflammation, in the contexts of stress and aging. The physiological demands of pregnancy may impact m...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Laura Etzel, Qiaofeng Ye, Abner T. Apsley, Chris Chiaro, Lauren E. Petri, John Kozlosky, Cathi Propper, Roger Mills-Koonce, Sarah J. Short, Patricia Garrett-Peters, Idan Shalev
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07542-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850265584327983104
author Laura Etzel
Qiaofeng Ye
Abner T. Apsley
Chris Chiaro
Lauren E. Petri
John Kozlosky
Cathi Propper
Roger Mills-Koonce
Sarah J. Short
Patricia Garrett-Peters
Idan Shalev
author_facet Laura Etzel
Qiaofeng Ye
Abner T. Apsley
Chris Chiaro
Lauren E. Petri
John Kozlosky
Cathi Propper
Roger Mills-Koonce
Sarah J. Short
Patricia Garrett-Peters
Idan Shalev
author_sort Laura Etzel
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular aging associated with risk for age-related diseases and is known to be influenced by various factors, including oxidative stress and inflammation, in the contexts of stress and aging. The physiological demands of pregnancy may impact maternal TL, though research in this area is sparse. We tested oxidative stress and explored inflammation as predictors of maternal TL in a sample of women with normative pregnancies. Methods Participants (N = 88, aged 18 to 46 years, 25% non-Hispanic Black, 65% non-Hispanic White) were recruited during their 2nd or 3rd trimester. TL was measured using saliva via qPCR as absolute TL. Oxidative stress was derived from principal component analysis of selected metabolites measured via urinary metabolomics. Inflammation was quantified as total IL-6 in serum. Hypotheses were tested with stepwise generalized linear models. Results Longer TL was predicted by higher oxidative stress (b = 0.20 ± 0.08; P =.019), controlling for maternal age, gestational age, race/ethnicity, maternal BMI, and income-to-needs ratio. In our exploratory analysis, longer TL was also predicted by higher IL-6 (b = 0.76 ± 0.20; P =.0003) controlling for covariates. There was no significant interaction between oxidative stress and inflammation predicting TL. Conclusion Our findings suggest that in normative pregnancies, both oxidative stress and inflammation are independently associated with longer telomere length. Given that these associations are inconsistent with the role of oxidative stress and inflammation on telomere biology in non-pregnant samples, future work should aim to replicate these findings in both normal and high-risk pregnancies, explore mechanisms underlying these associations using longitudinal designs, and examine how these relationships influence maternal and fetal health.
format Article
id doaj-art-f839e12f6db2439da865fbb26816a18f
institution OA Journals
issn 1471-2393
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
spelling doaj-art-f839e12f6db2439da865fbb26816a18f2025-08-20T01:54:22ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932025-04-012511910.1186/s12884-025-07542-yMaternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy: cross-sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammationLaura Etzel0Qiaofeng Ye1Abner T. Apsley2Chris Chiaro3Lauren E. Petri4John Kozlosky5Cathi Propper6Roger Mills-Koonce7Sarah J. Short8Patricia Garrett-Peters9Idan Shalev10Social Science Research Institute, Duke UniversityDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State UniversityDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State UniversitySchool of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillSchool of Education, The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillDepartment of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin−MadisonSocial Science Research Institute, Duke UniversityDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State UniversityAbstract Background Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular aging associated with risk for age-related diseases and is known to be influenced by various factors, including oxidative stress and inflammation, in the contexts of stress and aging. The physiological demands of pregnancy may impact maternal TL, though research in this area is sparse. We tested oxidative stress and explored inflammation as predictors of maternal TL in a sample of women with normative pregnancies. Methods Participants (N = 88, aged 18 to 46 years, 25% non-Hispanic Black, 65% non-Hispanic White) were recruited during their 2nd or 3rd trimester. TL was measured using saliva via qPCR as absolute TL. Oxidative stress was derived from principal component analysis of selected metabolites measured via urinary metabolomics. Inflammation was quantified as total IL-6 in serum. Hypotheses were tested with stepwise generalized linear models. Results Longer TL was predicted by higher oxidative stress (b = 0.20 ± 0.08; P =.019), controlling for maternal age, gestational age, race/ethnicity, maternal BMI, and income-to-needs ratio. In our exploratory analysis, longer TL was also predicted by higher IL-6 (b = 0.76 ± 0.20; P =.0003) controlling for covariates. There was no significant interaction between oxidative stress and inflammation predicting TL. Conclusion Our findings suggest that in normative pregnancies, both oxidative stress and inflammation are independently associated with longer telomere length. Given that these associations are inconsistent with the role of oxidative stress and inflammation on telomere biology in non-pregnant samples, future work should aim to replicate these findings in both normal and high-risk pregnancies, explore mechanisms underlying these associations using longitudinal designs, and examine how these relationships influence maternal and fetal health.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07542-yTelomere lengthOxidative stressInflammationPregnancyBiological aging
spellingShingle Laura Etzel
Qiaofeng Ye
Abner T. Apsley
Chris Chiaro
Lauren E. Petri
John Kozlosky
Cathi Propper
Roger Mills-Koonce
Sarah J. Short
Patricia Garrett-Peters
Idan Shalev
Maternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy: cross-sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammation
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Telomere length
Oxidative stress
Inflammation
Pregnancy
Biological aging
title Maternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy: cross-sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammation
title_full Maternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy: cross-sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammation
title_fullStr Maternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy: cross-sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammation
title_full_unstemmed Maternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy: cross-sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammation
title_short Maternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy: cross-sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammation
title_sort maternal telomere length and oxidative stress in pregnancy cross sectional analysis with an exploratory examination of systemic inflammation
topic Telomere length
Oxidative stress
Inflammation
Pregnancy
Biological aging
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07542-y
work_keys_str_mv AT lauraetzel maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT qiaofengye maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT abnertapsley maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT chrischiaro maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT laurenepetri maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT johnkozlosky maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT cathipropper maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT rogermillskoonce maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT sarahjshort maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT patriciagarrettpeters maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation
AT idanshalev maternaltelomerelengthandoxidativestressinpregnancycrosssectionalanalysiswithanexploratoryexaminationofsystemicinflammation