Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (NSAE) is a group of neuro-inflammatory disorders that is mediated by autoantibodies against the cell-surface and synaptic antigens. Studies have explored the role of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in NSAE and provided...
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Nature Publishing Group
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Translational Psychiatry |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03241-6 |
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| author | Qi-Lun Lai Meng-Ting Cai Er-Chuang Li Gao-Li Fang Chun-Hong Shen Yong-Feng Xu Song Qiao Jia-Jia Wang Qin-Jie Weng Yin-Xi Zhang |
| author_facet | Qi-Lun Lai Meng-Ting Cai Er-Chuang Li Gao-Li Fang Chun-Hong Shen Yong-Feng Xu Song Qiao Jia-Jia Wang Qin-Jie Weng Yin-Xi Zhang |
| author_sort | Qi-Lun Lai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (NSAE) is a group of neuro-inflammatory disorders that is mediated by autoantibodies against the cell-surface and synaptic antigens. Studies have explored the role of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in NSAE and provided inconsistent data. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the NfL levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with NSAE. Methods The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, PubMed), Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies reporting NfL levels in patients with NSAE. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool results across studies. Results Thirteen studies were included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. The serum NfL levels were significantly higher in patients with NSAE compared to unaffected controls (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.909, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.536–1.282). Similarly, the CSF NfL levels were elevated in patients with NSAE (SMD = 0.897, 95% CI: 0.508–1.286). The serum and CSF NfL levels were not significantly correlated with disease severity, prognosis, and abnormalities in magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and CSF. Conclusions NfL levels in the serum and CSF were higher in patients with NSAE compared to unaffected controls. However, the NfL levels were not shown to be significantly associated with clinical or paraclinical features. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f7f725fcb10841d8bb9a63a6c456098c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2158-3188 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Translational Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-f7f725fcb10841d8bb9a63a6c456098c2025-01-26T12:53:36ZengNature Publishing GroupTranslational Psychiatry2158-31882025-01-011511810.1038/s41398-025-03241-6Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysisQi-Lun Lai0Meng-Ting Cai1Er-Chuang Li2Gao-Li Fang3Chun-Hong Shen4Yong-Feng Xu5Song Qiao6Jia-Jia Wang7Qin-Jie Weng8Yin-Xi Zhang9Department of Neurology, Zhejiang HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Taikang Ningbo HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated HospitalDepartment of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityDepartment of Neurology, Zhejiang HospitalNanhu Brain-computer Interface InstituteNanhu Brain-computer Interface InstituteDepartment of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityAbstract Background Neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (NSAE) is a group of neuro-inflammatory disorders that is mediated by autoantibodies against the cell-surface and synaptic antigens. Studies have explored the role of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in NSAE and provided inconsistent data. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the NfL levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with NSAE. Methods The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, PubMed), Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies reporting NfL levels in patients with NSAE. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool results across studies. Results Thirteen studies were included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. The serum NfL levels were significantly higher in patients with NSAE compared to unaffected controls (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.909, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.536–1.282). Similarly, the CSF NfL levels were elevated in patients with NSAE (SMD = 0.897, 95% CI: 0.508–1.286). The serum and CSF NfL levels were not significantly correlated with disease severity, prognosis, and abnormalities in magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and CSF. Conclusions NfL levels in the serum and CSF were higher in patients with NSAE compared to unaffected controls. However, the NfL levels were not shown to be significantly associated with clinical or paraclinical features.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03241-6 |
| spellingShingle | Qi-Lun Lai Meng-Ting Cai Er-Chuang Li Gao-Li Fang Chun-Hong Shen Yong-Feng Xu Song Qiao Jia-Jia Wang Qin-Jie Weng Yin-Xi Zhang Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Translational Psychiatry |
| title | Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | neurofilament light chain levels in neuronal surface antibody associated autoimmune encephalitis a systematic review and meta analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-025-03241-6 |
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