Plant genome modification: from induced mutagenesis to genome editing
The snowballing growth of scientific data obtained using modern techniques of genome editing (GE) calls for their critical evaluation and comparison against previously applied methods such as induced mutagenesis, which was a leading method of genome modification for many decades of the past century,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
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| Online Access: | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3538 |
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| _version_ | 1832575056701554688 |
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| author | A. B. Shcherban |
| author_facet | A. B. Shcherban |
| author_sort | A. B. Shcherban |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The snowballing growth of scientific data obtained using modern techniques of genome editing (GE) calls for their critical evaluation and comparison against previously applied methods such as induced mutagenesis, which was a leading method of genome modification for many decades of the past century, and its application has resulted in a huge diversity of cultivars. However, this method was relatively long and included a number of stages from inducing multiple mutations using different mutagenic factors to crossing and selecting the most valuable cultivars for several generations. A new technology of genetic engineering and transgenesis enabled us to radically reduce the time required to obtain a new genetically-modified cultivar to one generation and make the modification process more effective and targeted. The main drawback of this approach was that an introduced transgene might uncontrollably affect the other genes of a recipient plant, which led to the limitations imposed on transgenesis application in many countries. These limitations have been effectively surmounted thanks to the development of GE techniques allowing for a precise modification within a single gene that in many characteristics make it similar to a natural allele (especially when it comes to ribonucleoprotein complexes), which has paved the way for wide application of GE in routine breeding. The paper reviews the main stages of GE development in its application in plants. It provides short descriptions of different GE techniques, including those using protein editors such as zinc-finger and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN), and the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. It lists a number of achievements in using GE to produce new cultivars of higher yield that are resistant to unfavorable factors and have good nutritional properties. The review also considers the de novo domestication approach, which allows for faster obtaining of new cultivars from natural varieties. In the conclusion, the future ways of GE development are discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f7e0695896fa4152a9eb6857bdc3d929 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2500-3259 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
| spelling | doaj-art-f7e0695896fa4152a9eb6857bdc3d9292025-02-01T09:58:11ZengSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and BreedersВавиловский журнал генетики и селекции2500-32592022-11-0126768469610.18699/VJGB-22-831305Plant genome modification: from induced mutagenesis to genome editingA. B. Shcherban0Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Kurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RASThe snowballing growth of scientific data obtained using modern techniques of genome editing (GE) calls for their critical evaluation and comparison against previously applied methods such as induced mutagenesis, which was a leading method of genome modification for many decades of the past century, and its application has resulted in a huge diversity of cultivars. However, this method was relatively long and included a number of stages from inducing multiple mutations using different mutagenic factors to crossing and selecting the most valuable cultivars for several generations. A new technology of genetic engineering and transgenesis enabled us to radically reduce the time required to obtain a new genetically-modified cultivar to one generation and make the modification process more effective and targeted. The main drawback of this approach was that an introduced transgene might uncontrollably affect the other genes of a recipient plant, which led to the limitations imposed on transgenesis application in many countries. These limitations have been effectively surmounted thanks to the development of GE techniques allowing for a precise modification within a single gene that in many characteristics make it similar to a natural allele (especially when it comes to ribonucleoprotein complexes), which has paved the way for wide application of GE in routine breeding. The paper reviews the main stages of GE development in its application in plants. It provides short descriptions of different GE techniques, including those using protein editors such as zinc-finger and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN), and the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. It lists a number of achievements in using GE to produce new cultivars of higher yield that are resistant to unfavorable factors and have good nutritional properties. The review also considers the de novo domestication approach, which allows for faster obtaining of new cultivars from natural varieties. In the conclusion, the future ways of GE development are discussed.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3538induced mutagenesistransgenesisgenome editingnucleasescrispr/cas9pathogenresistanceyield |
| spellingShingle | A. B. Shcherban Plant genome modification: from induced mutagenesis to genome editing Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции induced mutagenesis transgenesis genome editing nucleases crispr/cas9 pathogen resistance yield |
| title | Plant genome modification: from induced mutagenesis to genome editing |
| title_full | Plant genome modification: from induced mutagenesis to genome editing |
| title_fullStr | Plant genome modification: from induced mutagenesis to genome editing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant genome modification: from induced mutagenesis to genome editing |
| title_short | Plant genome modification: from induced mutagenesis to genome editing |
| title_sort | plant genome modification from induced mutagenesis to genome editing |
| topic | induced mutagenesis transgenesis genome editing nucleases crispr/cas9 pathogen resistance yield |
| url | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3538 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT abshcherban plantgenomemodificationfrominducedmutagenesistogenomeediting |