Monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi-spectral indices
This study investigates the growth of mining activities in Benguerir, one of Morocco's largest and fastest-growing phosphate mines and a global leader in phosphate production, using remote sensing and ancillary data. The study examines spatio-temporal changes in land use and land cover (LULC) w...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025002257 |
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| author | Ikram Loukili Ahmed Laamrani Mustapha El Ghorfi Saida El Moutak Abdessamad ghafiri |
| author_facet | Ikram Loukili Ahmed Laamrani Mustapha El Ghorfi Saida El Moutak Abdessamad ghafiri |
| author_sort | Ikram Loukili |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigates the growth of mining activities in Benguerir, one of Morocco's largest and fastest-growing phosphate mines and a global leader in phosphate production, using remote sensing and ancillary data. The study examines spatio-temporal changes in land use and land cover (LULC) within this phosphate mining city to analyze the impacts of mining on agricultural areas, built-up lands, and water bodies over time. A series of images from 1984 to 2021 were processed in to assess patterns of change within the city. Five LULC maps were generated using supervised classification with the maximum likelihood method, providing detailed insights into both urban and non-urban transformations during the study period. Classification quality was evaluated using accuracy assessment and the Kappa index. Additionally, multi-spectral indices, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), were simulated and analyzed across four intervals. The results reveal significant variations in LULC and ecological indices over time, which are associated with mining activities, water stress, urban sprawl, and socio-economic changes in the region.These results provide a valuable means for decision-makers and planners to effectively manage the spaces and lands in the future. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f7dbf9c502f447de96a3496cb8049494 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-f7dbf9c502f447de96a3496cb80494942025-02-02T05:28:22ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-01-01112e41845Monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi-spectral indicesIkram Loukili0Ahmed Laamrani1Mustapha El Ghorfi2Saida El Moutak3Abdessamad ghafiri4Laboratory of Applied Geology, Geo-Informatics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Ben Msick, Casablanca, 20670, Morocco; Corresponding author. Laboratory of Applied Geology, Geo-informatics and Environment Faculty of sciences of Ben msick, Casablanca, Morocco.Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Geology and Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir, 43150, MoroccoMohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Geology and Sustainable Mining Institute (GSMI), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir, 43150, Morocco; Laboratory of Geo Resources, Geo Environment and Civil Engineering (L3G), Faculty of Science and Technology Gueliz, Cadi Ayyad University (UCA), Marrakech, 40000, MoroccoLaboratory of Applied Geology, Geo-Informatics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Ben Msick, Casablanca, 20670, MoroccoLaboratory of Applied Geology, Geo-Informatics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Ben Msick, Casablanca, 20670, MoroccoThis study investigates the growth of mining activities in Benguerir, one of Morocco's largest and fastest-growing phosphate mines and a global leader in phosphate production, using remote sensing and ancillary data. The study examines spatio-temporal changes in land use and land cover (LULC) within this phosphate mining city to analyze the impacts of mining on agricultural areas, built-up lands, and water bodies over time. A series of images from 1984 to 2021 were processed in to assess patterns of change within the city. Five LULC maps were generated using supervised classification with the maximum likelihood method, providing detailed insights into both urban and non-urban transformations during the study period. Classification quality was evaluated using accuracy assessment and the Kappa index. Additionally, multi-spectral indices, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), were simulated and analyzed across four intervals. The results reveal significant variations in LULC and ecological indices over time, which are associated with mining activities, water stress, urban sprawl, and socio-economic changes in the region.These results provide a valuable means for decision-makers and planners to effectively manage the spaces and lands in the future.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025002257Phosphate miningGISRemote sensingLULCMulti-spectral indices |
| spellingShingle | Ikram Loukili Ahmed Laamrani Mustapha El Ghorfi Saida El Moutak Abdessamad ghafiri Monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi-spectral indices Heliyon Phosphate mining GIS Remote sensing LULC Multi-spectral indices |
| title | Monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi-spectral indices |
| title_full | Monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi-spectral indices |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi-spectral indices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi-spectral indices |
| title_short | Monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi-spectral indices |
| title_sort | monitoring land changes at an open mine site using remote sensing and multi spectral indices |
| topic | Phosphate mining GIS Remote sensing LULC Multi-spectral indices |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025002257 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ikramloukili monitoringlandchangesatanopenminesiteusingremotesensingandmultispectralindices AT ahmedlaamrani monitoringlandchangesatanopenminesiteusingremotesensingandmultispectralindices AT mustaphaelghorfi monitoringlandchangesatanopenminesiteusingremotesensingandmultispectralindices AT saidaelmoutak monitoringlandchangesatanopenminesiteusingremotesensingandmultispectralindices AT abdessamadghafiri monitoringlandchangesatanopenminesiteusingremotesensingandmultispectralindices |