Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort
Objective To investigate the risk factors for and the consequences (ie, substance use disorders (SUD), depression, personality traits) of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in young Swiss men.Design This is a three-wave cohort study. Risk factors were measured at baseline (2010–2012) and at follow-up 1 (F...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2022-07-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/7/e055986.full |
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| author | Jean-Bernard Daeppen Gerhard Gmel Joseph Studer Valentin Petre Matei Alina Elena Rosca Alexandru Neculai Pavel Radu Mihai Paun |
| author_facet | Jean-Bernard Daeppen Gerhard Gmel Joseph Studer Valentin Petre Matei Alina Elena Rosca Alexandru Neculai Pavel Radu Mihai Paun |
| author_sort | Jean-Bernard Daeppen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective To investigate the risk factors for and the consequences (ie, substance use disorders (SUD), depression, personality traits) of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in young Swiss men.Design This is a three-wave cohort study. Risk factors were measured at baseline (2010–2012) and at follow-up 1 (FU1; 2012–2014), while the consequences and TBI were measured at follow-up 2 (FU2; 2016–2018).Setting Switzerland.Participants All participants at FU2 (Mage=25.43, SD=1.25) of the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (N=4881 young Swiss men after listwise deletion).Measures The outcomes measured were TBI, SUD (ie, alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, other illicit drugs), depression and personality traits (ie, sensation seeking, anxiety-neuroticism, sociability, aggression-hostility) at FU2. The predictors were previous TBI (lifetime TBI but not in the past 12 months at FU2), SUD, personality traits and sociodemographics (highest level of achieved education, age, linguistic region) measured at FU1.Results At FU2, 3919 (80.3%) participants reported to never have had TBI, 102 (2.1%) have had TBI in the last 12 months (TBI new cases), and 860 (17.6%) have had TBI during their lifetime but not in the 12 months preceding FU2 (previous TBI). Low educational attainment (OR=3.93, 95% CI 2.10 to 7.36), depression (OR=2.87, 95% CI 1.35 to 6.11), nicotine dependence (OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.71), high sociability (OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.30), high aggression-hostility (OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.26) and high sensation seeking (OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.68) at FU1 were significantly associated with TBI new cases at FU2. Previous TBI was significantly associated with nicotine dependence (OR=1.46, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.83), depression (OR=2.16, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.99) and aggression-hostility (B=0.14, 95% CI >0.00 to 0.28) at FU2.Conclusion Low educational attainment and depression are the most significant risk factors associated with increased odds of future TBI, while depression, nicotine dependence and high aggression-hostility are the main consequences of previous TBI. TBI should be considered an underlying factor in the treatment of depression, SUD or unfavourable personality profiles. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f7bd9950880d433e8cab9d8550a69cbf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
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| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-f7bd9950880d433e8cab9d8550a69cbf2025-01-30T17:25:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552022-07-0112710.1136/bmjopen-2021-055986Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohortJean-Bernard Daeppen0Gerhard Gmel1Joseph Studer2Valentin Petre Matei3Alina Elena Rosca4Alexandru Neculai Pavel5Radu Mihai Paun6Department of Psychiatry—Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Psychiatry—Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Psychiatry—Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Psychiatry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy and Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Psychiatry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy and Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Psychiatry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy and Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Psychiatry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy and Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, RomaniaObjective To investigate the risk factors for and the consequences (ie, substance use disorders (SUD), depression, personality traits) of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in young Swiss men.Design This is a three-wave cohort study. Risk factors were measured at baseline (2010–2012) and at follow-up 1 (FU1; 2012–2014), while the consequences and TBI were measured at follow-up 2 (FU2; 2016–2018).Setting Switzerland.Participants All participants at FU2 (Mage=25.43, SD=1.25) of the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (N=4881 young Swiss men after listwise deletion).Measures The outcomes measured were TBI, SUD (ie, alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, other illicit drugs), depression and personality traits (ie, sensation seeking, anxiety-neuroticism, sociability, aggression-hostility) at FU2. The predictors were previous TBI (lifetime TBI but not in the past 12 months at FU2), SUD, personality traits and sociodemographics (highest level of achieved education, age, linguistic region) measured at FU1.Results At FU2, 3919 (80.3%) participants reported to never have had TBI, 102 (2.1%) have had TBI in the last 12 months (TBI new cases), and 860 (17.6%) have had TBI during their lifetime but not in the 12 months preceding FU2 (previous TBI). Low educational attainment (OR=3.93, 95% CI 2.10 to 7.36), depression (OR=2.87, 95% CI 1.35 to 6.11), nicotine dependence (OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.71), high sociability (OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.30), high aggression-hostility (OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.26) and high sensation seeking (OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.68) at FU1 were significantly associated with TBI new cases at FU2. Previous TBI was significantly associated with nicotine dependence (OR=1.46, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.83), depression (OR=2.16, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.99) and aggression-hostility (B=0.14, 95% CI >0.00 to 0.28) at FU2.Conclusion Low educational attainment and depression are the most significant risk factors associated with increased odds of future TBI, while depression, nicotine dependence and high aggression-hostility are the main consequences of previous TBI. TBI should be considered an underlying factor in the treatment of depression, SUD or unfavourable personality profiles.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/7/e055986.full |
| spellingShingle | Jean-Bernard Daeppen Gerhard Gmel Joseph Studer Valentin Petre Matei Alina Elena Rosca Alexandru Neculai Pavel Radu Mihai Paun Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort BMJ Open |
| title | Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort |
| title_full | Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort |
| title_fullStr | Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort |
| title_short | Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort |
| title_sort | risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a swiss male population cohort |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/7/e055986.full |
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