Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task Force
Introduction: Onychomycosis is one of the most common nail diseases. Fingernail onychomycosis is significantly less frequent than toenail onychomycosis and it is often misdiagnosed due to its subtle clinical presentations. Objectives: We sought to analyze the clinical and onychoscopic features of...
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Mattioli1885
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Dermatology Practical & Conceptual |
| Online Access: | https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc/article/view/4887 |
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| author | Matilde Iorizzo Bianca Maria Piraccini Aurora Alessandrini Francesca Bruni Laura Vollono Francesca Pampaloni Nilton Gioia Di Chiacchio Nilton Di Chiacchio Juan Jimenez-Cahue Chander Grover Zoe Apalla Asmahne Souissi Awatef Kelati Eirini Kyrmanidou Elizabeth Lazaridou Michela Starace |
| author_facet | Matilde Iorizzo Bianca Maria Piraccini Aurora Alessandrini Francesca Bruni Laura Vollono Francesca Pampaloni Nilton Gioia Di Chiacchio Nilton Di Chiacchio Juan Jimenez-Cahue Chander Grover Zoe Apalla Asmahne Souissi Awatef Kelati Eirini Kyrmanidou Elizabeth Lazaridou Michela Starace |
| author_sort | Matilde Iorizzo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction: Onychomycosis is one of the most common nail diseases. Fingernail onychomycosis is significantly less frequent than toenail onychomycosis and it is often misdiagnosed due to its subtle clinical presentations.
Objectives: We sought to analyze the clinical and onychoscopic features of culture-proven cases of fingernail onychomycosis in adult and pediatric patients.
Methods: Medical records of 120 patients with onychomycosis limited to the fingernails were collected and analyzed across several dermatological centers (Italy, Switzerland, Spain, Greece, Brazil, India, Morocco, Tunisia). Data collected included age, sex, affected hand, affected fingernails, isolated fungal microorganism, clinical, and onychoscopic signs.
Results: A total of 341 fingernails were analyzed. The most commonly affected hand was the right one ,and the most frequently affected digits were the second and third. The mean number of affected digits per patient was 2.84. Cultures identified Trichophyton rubrum in 54 cases, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitalis in 20 cases, Aspergillus spp. in 8 cases, Candida spp. in 31 cases, and various other fungi in the remaining cases. Major clinical and onychoscopic features observed included onycholysis, subungual hyperkeratosis, leukonychia, chromonychia and absence of the cuticles. On the basis of all findings, 4 main types of fingernail onychomycosis were identified.
Conclusions: Fingernail onychomycosis presents with distinct clinical and onychoscopy characteristics that can overlap with other nail conditions. Dermoscopy enhances diagnostic accuracy, but mycological confirmation is mandatory for a definitive diagnosis.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f758bd4d5f794e1caade50d8ae91ac08 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2160-9381 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Mattioli1885 |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dermatology Practical & Conceptual |
| spelling | doaj-art-f758bd4d5f794e1caade50d8ae91ac082025-02-04T15:41:30ZengMattioli1885Dermatology Practical & Conceptual2160-93812025-01-0115110.5826/dpc.1501a4887Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task ForceMatilde Iorizzo0Bianca Maria Piraccini1Aurora Alessandrini2Francesca Bruni3Laura Vollono4Francesca Pampaloni5Nilton Gioia Di Chiacchio6Nilton Di Chiacchio7Juan Jimenez-Cahue8Chander Grover9Zoe Apalla10Asmahne Souissi11Awatef Kelati12Eirini Kyrmanidou13Elizabeth Lazaridou14Michela Starace15Private Dermatology Practice - Bellinzona, SwitzerlandDermatology - IRCCS Policlinico San't Orsola, Bologna, Italy Dermatology - IRCCS Policlinico San't Orsola, Bologna, Italy Dermatology - IRCCS Policlinico San't Orsola, Bologna, Italy Private Dermatology Practice, Rome, ItalyDermatology - IRCCS Policlinico San't Orsola, Bologna, Italy Dermatology Department, Medical School of ABC, São Paulo, Brazil Dermatology Department, Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, IRYCIS, Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Dermatology and STD, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, IndiaSecond Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Dermatology, La Rabta Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia & Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, TunisiaDermatology Department, University Hospital Cheikh Khalifa, Casablanca, Morocco & University Hospital Mohammed VI, Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health and Sciences (UM6SS), Casablanca, MoroccoSecond Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, GreeceSecond Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, GreeceDermatology - IRCCS Policlinico San't Orsola, Bologna, Italy Introduction: Onychomycosis is one of the most common nail diseases. Fingernail onychomycosis is significantly less frequent than toenail onychomycosis and it is often misdiagnosed due to its subtle clinical presentations. Objectives: We sought to analyze the clinical and onychoscopic features of culture-proven cases of fingernail onychomycosis in adult and pediatric patients. Methods: Medical records of 120 patients with onychomycosis limited to the fingernails were collected and analyzed across several dermatological centers (Italy, Switzerland, Spain, Greece, Brazil, India, Morocco, Tunisia). Data collected included age, sex, affected hand, affected fingernails, isolated fungal microorganism, clinical, and onychoscopic signs. Results: A total of 341 fingernails were analyzed. The most commonly affected hand was the right one ,and the most frequently affected digits were the second and third. The mean number of affected digits per patient was 2.84. Cultures identified Trichophyton rubrum in 54 cases, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitalis in 20 cases, Aspergillus spp. in 8 cases, Candida spp. in 31 cases, and various other fungi in the remaining cases. Major clinical and onychoscopic features observed included onycholysis, subungual hyperkeratosis, leukonychia, chromonychia and absence of the cuticles. On the basis of all findings, 4 main types of fingernail onychomycosis were identified. Conclusions: Fingernail onychomycosis presents with distinct clinical and onychoscopy characteristics that can overlap with other nail conditions. Dermoscopy enhances diagnostic accuracy, but mycological confirmation is mandatory for a definitive diagnosis. https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc/article/view/4887 |
| spellingShingle | Matilde Iorizzo Bianca Maria Piraccini Aurora Alessandrini Francesca Bruni Laura Vollono Francesca Pampaloni Nilton Gioia Di Chiacchio Nilton Di Chiacchio Juan Jimenez-Cahue Chander Grover Zoe Apalla Asmahne Souissi Awatef Kelati Eirini Kyrmanidou Elizabeth Lazaridou Michela Starace Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task Force Dermatology Practical & Conceptual |
| title | Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task Force |
| title_full | Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task Force |
| title_fullStr | Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task Force |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task Force |
| title_short | Clinical and Onychoscopy Patterns in Fingernail Onychomycosis—A Study by the International Dermoscopy Society Trichoscopy And Onychoscopy Task Force |
| title_sort | clinical and onychoscopy patterns in fingernail onychomycosis a study by the international dermoscopy society trichoscopy and onychoscopy task force |
| url | https://dpcj.org/index.php/dpc/article/view/4887 |
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