Development of a Combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC Method for the Separation of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol from Tea Tree, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>, Essential Oil
Tea tree oil (TTO), acquired from <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> (Maiden & Betche) Cheel, Myrtaceae, is a widely utilized essential oil (EO) due to its bioactive properties. The identification and quantification of TTO ingredients is generally performed by GC-MS, which provides the mo...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Aimé Vázquez Nurhayat Tabanca |
| author_facet | Aimé Vázquez Nurhayat Tabanca |
| author_sort | Aimé Vázquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tea tree oil (TTO), acquired from <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> (Maiden & Betche) Cheel, Myrtaceae, is a widely utilized essential oil (EO) due to its bioactive properties. The identification and quantification of TTO ingredients is generally performed by GC-MS, which provides the most accurate results. However, in some instances, the cost and time of analysis may pose a challenge. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) offer a simpler, faster, cost-effective alternative capable of simultaneously analyzing and quantifying multiple samples. In addition, for more complex oils, two-dimensional (2D) or multigradient development (MGD) TLC provide better separation. Nevertheless, further development is sometimes necessary for the isolation of comigrating components. This study showcases a combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC method for the successful separation of TTO components of interest. While human error, limited separation, and the partial evaporation of volatile components may still present a challenge during the process, considerable recovery of mono- and sesquiterpenes was achieved. This protocol also resulted in the successful isolation of target oxygenated monoterpenes (OMs) producing highly pure terpinen-4-ol (100%) and α-terpineol (≥94%), confirmed by GC-MS. The accurate enantiomeric distribution of these major OMs was verified by GC-FID through the use of a chiral cyclodextrin-based stationary phase. The observed positive enantiomer range (area percent) as well as (+)/(−) ratio for each terpinen-4-ol and α-terpineol were within acceptable ISO criteria. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f74e138f445c45b68591a6843cca2a30 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-f74e138f445c45b68591a6843cca2a302025-01-24T13:25:22ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-01-0115114710.3390/biom15010147Development of a Combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC Method for the Separation of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol from Tea Tree, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>, Essential OilAimé Vázquez0Nurhayat Tabanca1United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), Miami, FL 33158, USAUnited States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), Miami, FL 33158, USATea tree oil (TTO), acquired from <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> (Maiden & Betche) Cheel, Myrtaceae, is a widely utilized essential oil (EO) due to its bioactive properties. The identification and quantification of TTO ingredients is generally performed by GC-MS, which provides the most accurate results. However, in some instances, the cost and time of analysis may pose a challenge. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) offer a simpler, faster, cost-effective alternative capable of simultaneously analyzing and quantifying multiple samples. In addition, for more complex oils, two-dimensional (2D) or multigradient development (MGD) TLC provide better separation. Nevertheless, further development is sometimes necessary for the isolation of comigrating components. This study showcases a combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC method for the successful separation of TTO components of interest. While human error, limited separation, and the partial evaporation of volatile components may still present a challenge during the process, considerable recovery of mono- and sesquiterpenes was achieved. This protocol also resulted in the successful isolation of target oxygenated monoterpenes (OMs) producing highly pure terpinen-4-ol (100%) and α-terpineol (≥94%), confirmed by GC-MS. The accurate enantiomeric distribution of these major OMs was verified by GC-FID through the use of a chiral cyclodextrin-based stationary phase. The observed positive enantiomer range (area percent) as well as (+)/(−) ratio for each terpinen-4-ol and α-terpineol were within acceptable ISO criteria.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/147tea tree oil<i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>terpinen-4-olα-terpineolHPTLC2D-MGD TLC |
| spellingShingle | Aimé Vázquez Nurhayat Tabanca Development of a Combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC Method for the Separation of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol from Tea Tree, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>, Essential Oil Biomolecules tea tree oil <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> terpinen-4-ol α-terpineol HPTLC 2D-MGD TLC |
| title | Development of a Combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC Method for the Separation of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol from Tea Tree, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>, Essential Oil |
| title_full | Development of a Combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC Method for the Separation of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol from Tea Tree, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>, Essential Oil |
| title_fullStr | Development of a Combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC Method for the Separation of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol from Tea Tree, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>, Essential Oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a Combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC Method for the Separation of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol from Tea Tree, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>, Essential Oil |
| title_short | Development of a Combined 2D-MGD TLC/HPTLC Method for the Separation of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol from Tea Tree, <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i>, Essential Oil |
| title_sort | development of a combined 2d mgd tlc hptlc method for the separation of terpinen 4 ol and α terpineol from tea tree i melaleuca alternifolia i essential oil |
| topic | tea tree oil <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> terpinen-4-ol α-terpineol HPTLC 2D-MGD TLC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/147 |
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