Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Relation to Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2018
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are associated with obesity health risks, while the association of mixed VOCs with visceral adiposity indicators remains unclear. In this study, a total of 2015 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Weighted general...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Ziyi Qian Chenxu Dai Siyan Chen Linjie Yang Xia Huo |
| author_facet | Ziyi Qian Chenxu Dai Siyan Chen Linjie Yang Xia Huo |
| author_sort | Ziyi Qian |
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| description | Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are associated with obesity health risks, while the association of mixed VOCs with visceral adiposity indicators remains unclear. In this study, a total of 2015 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Weighted generalized linear models, restricted cubic spline (RCS), weighted quantile sum (WQS), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were adopted to assess the association of VOC metabolites (mVOCs) with the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP). Multiple mVOCs were positively associated with the VAI and LAP in the single-exposure model, especially N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine (CEMA) and N-acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-L-cysteine (AMCC). The associations of mVOCs with VAI and LAP were more significant in <60-year-old and non-obese individuals, with interactions of CEMA with age and AMCC with obesity status. Nonlinear relationships between certain mVOCs and the VAI or the LAP were also observed. In the WQS model, co-exposure to mVOCs was positively correlated with the VAI [β (95%CI): 0.084 (0.022, 0.147)]; CEMA (25.24%) was the major contributor. The result of the BKMR revealed a positive trend of the association between mixed mVOCs and the VAI. Our findings suggest that VOC exposure is strongly associated with visceral obesity indicators. Further large prospective investigations are necessary to support our findings. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj-art-f6fa6f6ac3c448a3bad0a2304718d1892025-01-24T13:51:03ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042025-01-011314610.3390/toxics13010046Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Relation to Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2018Ziyi Qian0Chenxu Dai1Siyan Chen2Linjie Yang3Xia Huo4Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, ChinaLaboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, ChinaLaboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, ChinaLaboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, ChinaLaboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, College of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, ChinaVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are associated with obesity health risks, while the association of mixed VOCs with visceral adiposity indicators remains unclear. In this study, a total of 2015 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Weighted generalized linear models, restricted cubic spline (RCS), weighted quantile sum (WQS), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were adopted to assess the association of VOC metabolites (mVOCs) with the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP). Multiple mVOCs were positively associated with the VAI and LAP in the single-exposure model, especially N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine (CEMA) and N-acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-L-cysteine (AMCC). The associations of mVOCs with VAI and LAP were more significant in <60-year-old and non-obese individuals, with interactions of CEMA with age and AMCC with obesity status. Nonlinear relationships between certain mVOCs and the VAI or the LAP were also observed. In the WQS model, co-exposure to mVOCs was positively correlated with the VAI [β (95%CI): 0.084 (0.022, 0.147)]; CEMA (25.24%) was the major contributor. The result of the BKMR revealed a positive trend of the association between mixed mVOCs and the VAI. Our findings suggest that VOC exposure is strongly associated with visceral obesity indicators. Further large prospective investigations are necessary to support our findings.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/1/46volatile organic compoundsurinary metabolitesvisceral adiposity indexlipid accumulation productNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| spellingShingle | Ziyi Qian Chenxu Dai Siyan Chen Linjie Yang Xia Huo Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Relation to Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2018 Toxics volatile organic compounds urinary metabolites visceral adiposity index lipid accumulation product National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| title | Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Relation to Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_full | Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Relation to Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_fullStr | Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Relation to Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Relation to Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_short | Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds in Relation to Visceral Adiposity Index and Lipid Accumulation Product Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_sort | exposure to volatile organic compounds in relation to visceral adiposity index and lipid accumulation product among u s adults nhanes 2011 2018 |
| topic | volatile organic compounds urinary metabolites visceral adiposity index lipid accumulation product National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/1/46 |
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