The Secular Evolution of Planetary Nebula IC 418 and Its Implications for Carbon Star Formation

The rate of stellar evolution can rarely be measured in real time. The fastest evolution (excluding event-driven evolution), where stars may evolve measurably over decades, is during the post–Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) phase. In this Letter we provide direct evidence for such a case. A secular, l...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Albert A. Zijlstra, Quentin A. Parker
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adf62b
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