Morroniside Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis by Regulating the M1/M2 Polarization Balance of Macrophages
Background. Inflammation is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various ocular diseases. Uveitis is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the uvea and ocular tissues that causes extreme pain, decreases visual acuity, and may eventually lead to blindness. The pharmacological functi...
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Wiley
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1252873 |
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| author | Wenjie Li Lin Liu Ziwei Zhang Hong Lu |
| author_facet | Wenjie Li Lin Liu Ziwei Zhang Hong Lu |
| author_sort | Wenjie Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Inflammation is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various ocular diseases. Uveitis is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the uvea and ocular tissues that causes extreme pain, decreases visual acuity, and may eventually lead to blindness. The pharmacological functions of morroniside, isolated from Cornus officinalis, are multifarious. Morroniside exerts various therapeutic effects, e.g., it ameliorates inflammation. However, the specific anti-inflammatory effect of morroniside on lipopolysaccharide-induced uveitis has not been reported widely. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of morroniside on uveitis in mice. Methods. An endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) mouse model was constructed and treated with morroniside. The inflammatory response was observed using slit lamp microscopy, and histopathological changes were observed by hematoxylin–eosin staining. The cell count in the aqueous humor was measured using a hemocytometer. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the ciliary body and retina were measured using ELISA kits. The expression of iNOS and Arg-1 in the ciliary body and retina was measured by immunofluorescence costaining, and western blotting was performed to measure the protein expression of JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3, and p-STAT3 in the ciliary body and retina. Results. Morroniside effectively ameliorated the inflammatory response in EIU mice. Furthermore, morroniside significantly reduced the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the ciliary body and retina. Morroniside treatment significantly reduced the expression of iNOS in the ciliary body and retinal tissues. It also significantly inhibited p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 expression and promoted Arg-1 expression. In addition, morroniside boosted the effect of JAK inhibitors on the above indices. Conclusions. Collectively, these findings suggest that morroniside may protect against LPS-induced inflammation in uveitis by promoting M2 polarization through the inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f5b96ffa5bf440cca467a86e1538b092 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-f5b96ffa5bf440cca467a86e1538b0922025-02-03T06:42:48ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-71562023-01-01202310.1155/2023/1252873Morroniside Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis by Regulating the M1/M2 Polarization Balance of MacrophagesWenjie Li0Lin Liu1Ziwei Zhang2Hong Lu3The First Clinical Medical CollegeThe First Clinical Medical CollegeThe First Clinical Medical CollegeThe First Clinical Medical CollegeBackground. Inflammation is closely associated with the pathogenesis of various ocular diseases. Uveitis is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the uvea and ocular tissues that causes extreme pain, decreases visual acuity, and may eventually lead to blindness. The pharmacological functions of morroniside, isolated from Cornus officinalis, are multifarious. Morroniside exerts various therapeutic effects, e.g., it ameliorates inflammation. However, the specific anti-inflammatory effect of morroniside on lipopolysaccharide-induced uveitis has not been reported widely. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of morroniside on uveitis in mice. Methods. An endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) mouse model was constructed and treated with morroniside. The inflammatory response was observed using slit lamp microscopy, and histopathological changes were observed by hematoxylin–eosin staining. The cell count in the aqueous humor was measured using a hemocytometer. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the ciliary body and retina were measured using ELISA kits. The expression of iNOS and Arg-1 in the ciliary body and retina was measured by immunofluorescence costaining, and western blotting was performed to measure the protein expression of JAK2, p-JAK2, STAT3, and p-STAT3 in the ciliary body and retina. Results. Morroniside effectively ameliorated the inflammatory response in EIU mice. Furthermore, morroniside significantly reduced the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the ciliary body and retina. Morroniside treatment significantly reduced the expression of iNOS in the ciliary body and retinal tissues. It also significantly inhibited p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 expression and promoted Arg-1 expression. In addition, morroniside boosted the effect of JAK inhibitors on the above indices. Conclusions. Collectively, these findings suggest that morroniside may protect against LPS-induced inflammation in uveitis by promoting M2 polarization through the inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1252873 |
| spellingShingle | Wenjie Li Lin Liu Ziwei Zhang Hong Lu Morroniside Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis by Regulating the M1/M2 Polarization Balance of Macrophages Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Morroniside Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis by Regulating the M1/M2 Polarization Balance of Macrophages |
| title_full | Morroniside Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis by Regulating the M1/M2 Polarization Balance of Macrophages |
| title_fullStr | Morroniside Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis by Regulating the M1/M2 Polarization Balance of Macrophages |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morroniside Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis by Regulating the M1/M2 Polarization Balance of Macrophages |
| title_short | Morroniside Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis by Regulating the M1/M2 Polarization Balance of Macrophages |
| title_sort | morroniside ameliorates endotoxin induced uveitis by regulating the m1 m2 polarization balance of macrophages |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1252873 |
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