Biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage WST1

Abstract The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant mycobacteria necessitates novel therapeutic strategies. Phages targeting clinically relevant mycobacteria remain scarce, lytic phages represent promising alternatives. In this study, we isolated mycobacterium phage WST1 from wastewater, exhibitin...

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Main Authors: Xingyan Tan, Xiaorui Zhang, Zhiqun He, Zhiping Luo, Ni An, Kerui Ye, Donghui Ke, Yuqing Li, Jumei Zeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Microbiology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04254-3
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author Xingyan Tan
Xiaorui Zhang
Zhiqun He
Zhiping Luo
Ni An
Kerui Ye
Donghui Ke
Yuqing Li
Jumei Zeng
author_facet Xingyan Tan
Xiaorui Zhang
Zhiqun He
Zhiping Luo
Ni An
Kerui Ye
Donghui Ke
Yuqing Li
Jumei Zeng
author_sort Xingyan Tan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant mycobacteria necessitates novel therapeutic strategies. Phages targeting clinically relevant mycobacteria remain scarce, lytic phages represent promising alternatives. In this study, we isolated mycobacterium phage WST1 from wastewater, exhibiting strict lytic specificity for Mycobacterium smegmatis. Genomic analysis revealed a 38,120 bp dsDNA genome (64.60% GC) with 59 ORFs, including tyrosine integrase, hicA/B toxin-antitoxin, but no virulence or resistance genes. WST1 demonstrated broad thermal stability (4–60℃) and pH (4–9) stability, but is UV-sensitive. Phylogenetically, WST1 formed a distinct clade with mycobacterium phage IdentityCrisis, the average nucleotide identity is 83.9%, WST1 possesses a terminase which shows 100% amino acid identity to IdentityCrisis, while its endolysin shows over 90% identity to other distant phages, showcasing the modular evolution of WST1.We discovered a new, safe phage candidate useful for both phage diversity studying and genetic engineering, thereby expanding the resources for mycobacteriophage therapeutic development.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2180
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher BMC
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series BMC Microbiology
spelling doaj-art-f4d28e7d1705452c931d6aa5b9cf1a2a2025-08-20T03:46:07ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802025-08-0125111010.1186/s12866-025-04254-3Biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage WST1Xingyan Tan0Xiaorui Zhang1Zhiqun He2Zhiping Luo3Ni An4Kerui Ye5Donghui Ke6Yuqing Li7Jumei Zeng8West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan UniversityChengdu Center for Disease Control and PreventionState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan UniversityWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan UniversityAbstract The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant mycobacteria necessitates novel therapeutic strategies. Phages targeting clinically relevant mycobacteria remain scarce, lytic phages represent promising alternatives. In this study, we isolated mycobacterium phage WST1 from wastewater, exhibiting strict lytic specificity for Mycobacterium smegmatis. Genomic analysis revealed a 38,120 bp dsDNA genome (64.60% GC) with 59 ORFs, including tyrosine integrase, hicA/B toxin-antitoxin, but no virulence or resistance genes. WST1 demonstrated broad thermal stability (4–60℃) and pH (4–9) stability, but is UV-sensitive. Phylogenetically, WST1 formed a distinct clade with mycobacterium phage IdentityCrisis, the average nucleotide identity is 83.9%, WST1 possesses a terminase which shows 100% amino acid identity to IdentityCrisis, while its endolysin shows over 90% identity to other distant phages, showcasing the modular evolution of WST1.We discovered a new, safe phage candidate useful for both phage diversity studying and genetic engineering, thereby expanding the resources for mycobacteriophage therapeutic development.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04254-3Mycobacterium smegmatisMycobacteriophagePhage biologyTerminase-based treeEndolysin-based tree
spellingShingle Xingyan Tan
Xiaorui Zhang
Zhiqun He
Zhiping Luo
Ni An
Kerui Ye
Donghui Ke
Yuqing Li
Jumei Zeng
Biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage WST1
BMC Microbiology
Mycobacterium smegmatis
Mycobacteriophage
Phage biology
Terminase-based tree
Endolysin-based tree
title Biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage WST1
title_full Biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage WST1
title_fullStr Biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage WST1
title_full_unstemmed Biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage WST1
title_short Biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage WST1
title_sort biological characterization and genomic analysis of the newly discovered mycobacteriophage wst1
topic Mycobacterium smegmatis
Mycobacteriophage
Phage biology
Terminase-based tree
Endolysin-based tree
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04254-3
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