Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution System in View of Resource Uncertainty

The integration of intermittent Distributed Generations (DGs) like solar photovoltaics into Radial Distribution Systems (RDSs) reduces system losses but causes voltage and power instability issues. It has also been observed that seasonal variations affect the performance of such DGs. These issues ca...

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Main Authors: Gauri Mandar Karve, Mangesh S. Thakare, Geetanjali A. Vaidya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Energies
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2340
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author Gauri Mandar Karve
Mangesh S. Thakare
Geetanjali A. Vaidya
author_facet Gauri Mandar Karve
Mangesh S. Thakare
Geetanjali A. Vaidya
author_sort Gauri Mandar Karve
collection DOAJ
description The integration of intermittent Distributed Generations (DGs) like solar photovoltaics into Radial Distribution Systems (RDSs) reduces system losses but causes voltage and power instability issues. It has also been observed that seasonal variations affect the performance of such DGs. These issues can be resolved by placing optimum-sized Battery Energy Storage (BES) Systems into RDSs. This work proposes a new approach to the placement of optimally sized BESSs considering multiple objectives, Active Power Losses, the Power Stability Index, and the Voltage Stability Index, which are prioritized using the Weighted Sum Method. The proposed multi-objectives are investigated using the probabilistic and Polynomial Multiple Regression (PMR) approaches to account for the randomness in solar irradiance and its effect on BESS sizing and placements. To analyze system behavior, simultaneous and sequential strategies considering aggregated and distributed BESS placement are executed on IEEE 33-bus and 94-bus Portuguese RDSs by applying the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization and TOPSIS techniques. Significant loss reduction is observed in distributed BESS placement compared to aggregated BESSs. Also, the sequentially distributed BESS stabilized the RDS to a greater extent than the simultaneously distributed BESS. In view of the uncertainty, the probabilistic and PMR approaches require a larger optimal BESS size than the deterministic approach, representing practical systems. Additionally, the results are validated using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization–TOPSIS techniques.
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spelling doaj-art-f4b5f087b64b45e88f3d9841ca6164b22025-08-20T01:49:14ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-05-01189234010.3390/en18092340Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution System in View of Resource UncertaintyGauri Mandar Karve0Mangesh S. Thakare1Geetanjali A. Vaidya2Electrical Engineering Department, Pune Vidhyarthi Griha’s College of Engineering and Technology and G K Pate (Wani) Institute of Management, Pune 411009, IndiaElectrical Engineering Department, Pune Vidhyarthi Griha’s College of Engineering and Technology and G K Pate (Wani) Institute of Management, Pune 411009, IndiaElectrical Consultant, SAS Powertech Pvt Ltd., Pune 411045, IndiaThe integration of intermittent Distributed Generations (DGs) like solar photovoltaics into Radial Distribution Systems (RDSs) reduces system losses but causes voltage and power instability issues. It has also been observed that seasonal variations affect the performance of such DGs. These issues can be resolved by placing optimum-sized Battery Energy Storage (BES) Systems into RDSs. This work proposes a new approach to the placement of optimally sized BESSs considering multiple objectives, Active Power Losses, the Power Stability Index, and the Voltage Stability Index, which are prioritized using the Weighted Sum Method. The proposed multi-objectives are investigated using the probabilistic and Polynomial Multiple Regression (PMR) approaches to account for the randomness in solar irradiance and its effect on BESS sizing and placements. To analyze system behavior, simultaneous and sequential strategies considering aggregated and distributed BESS placement are executed on IEEE 33-bus and 94-bus Portuguese RDSs by applying the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization and TOPSIS techniques. Significant loss reduction is observed in distributed BESS placement compared to aggregated BESSs. Also, the sequentially distributed BESS stabilized the RDS to a greater extent than the simultaneously distributed BESS. In view of the uncertainty, the probabilistic and PMR approaches require a larger optimal BESS size than the deterministic approach, representing practical systems. Additionally, the results are validated using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization–TOPSIS techniques.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2340battery energy storage systemimproved grey wolf optimizationimproved particle swarm optimizationoptimal siting and sizingphotovoltaic systemresource uncertainty
spellingShingle Gauri Mandar Karve
Mangesh S. Thakare
Geetanjali A. Vaidya
Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution System in View of Resource Uncertainty
Energies
battery energy storage system
improved grey wolf optimization
improved particle swarm optimization
optimal siting and sizing
photovoltaic system
resource uncertainty
title Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution System in View of Resource Uncertainty
title_full Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution System in View of Resource Uncertainty
title_fullStr Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution System in View of Resource Uncertainty
title_full_unstemmed Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution System in View of Resource Uncertainty
title_short Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution System in View of Resource Uncertainty
title_sort optimal siting and sizing of battery energy storage system in distribution system in view of resource uncertainty
topic battery energy storage system
improved grey wolf optimization
improved particle swarm optimization
optimal siting and sizing
photovoltaic system
resource uncertainty
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2340
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AT mangeshsthakare optimalsitingandsizingofbatteryenergystoragesystemindistributionsysteminviewofresourceuncertainty
AT geetanjaliavaidya optimalsitingandsizingofbatteryenergystoragesystemindistributionsysteminviewofresourceuncertainty