Glutamine and Its Effects on the Intestine
Glutamine, an amino acid, is the principal energy substrate for small intestinal cells. It also acts as a nitrogen carrier through its amide nitrogen. Arterial glutamine is supported by net synthesis in skeletal muscle. Glutamine is rapidly metabolized by the intestine, whether supplied from the lum...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
1991-01-01
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| Series: | Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1991/191368 |
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| author | Paul E Hardy Richard N Fedorak Alan BR Thomson Olin G Thurston |
| author_facet | Paul E Hardy Richard N Fedorak Alan BR Thomson Olin G Thurston |
| author_sort | Paul E Hardy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glutamine, an amino acid, is the principal energy substrate for small intestinal cells. It also acts as a nitrogen carrier through its amide nitrogen. Arterial glutamine is supported by net synthesis in skeletal muscle. Glutamine is rapidly metabolized by the intestine, whether supplied from the lumen or from the arterial circulation. Intestinal uptake of glutamine increases after trauma and operative stress. The consumption of glutamine by the gut may in large part be dependent on mucosal glutaminase activity and on enterocyte glutamine transport. Glutaminc has been shown to improve gut morphology and outcome in animal models of encerocolitis. It may play a similar role in aiding repair of human intestinal injury in persons with sufficient glutamine in their diet compared to those who arc glutamine deficient. Glutamine may have a positive effect on the immune function of the intestinal mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue. Glutamine is not currently available in nutritional preparations for routine clinical use, yet it has recently been shown to benefit maintenance of nitrogen balance in humans. Due to the instability and low solubility of glutamine, dipeptides have been studied. L-alanyl-L-glutamine seems to be the most promising glutamine precursor for parenteral use in humans, as it is safe and rapidly hydrolyzed in vivo to release free glutamine. The exact role of glutamine as a therapeutic agent to promote intetitinal well-being has yet to be determined. However, preliminary evidence suggests that glutaminc will be helpful in a variety of clinical scenarios. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f48591d280be47b3879be8543c722acd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0835-7900 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 1991-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f48591d280be47b3879be8543c722acd2025-02-03T01:28:05ZengWileyCanadian Journal of Gastroenterology0835-79001991-01-01539410210.1155/1991/191368Glutamine and Its Effects on the IntestinePaul E Hardy0Richard N Fedorak1Alan BR Thomson2Olin G Thurston3Departments of Surgery and Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaDepartments of Surgery and Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaDepartments of Surgery and Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaDepartments of Surgery and Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaGlutamine, an amino acid, is the principal energy substrate for small intestinal cells. It also acts as a nitrogen carrier through its amide nitrogen. Arterial glutamine is supported by net synthesis in skeletal muscle. Glutamine is rapidly metabolized by the intestine, whether supplied from the lumen or from the arterial circulation. Intestinal uptake of glutamine increases after trauma and operative stress. The consumption of glutamine by the gut may in large part be dependent on mucosal glutaminase activity and on enterocyte glutamine transport. Glutaminc has been shown to improve gut morphology and outcome in animal models of encerocolitis. It may play a similar role in aiding repair of human intestinal injury in persons with sufficient glutamine in their diet compared to those who arc glutamine deficient. Glutamine may have a positive effect on the immune function of the intestinal mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue. Glutamine is not currently available in nutritional preparations for routine clinical use, yet it has recently been shown to benefit maintenance of nitrogen balance in humans. Due to the instability and low solubility of glutamine, dipeptides have been studied. L-alanyl-L-glutamine seems to be the most promising glutamine precursor for parenteral use in humans, as it is safe and rapidly hydrolyzed in vivo to release free glutamine. The exact role of glutamine as a therapeutic agent to promote intetitinal well-being has yet to be determined. However, preliminary evidence suggests that glutaminc will be helpful in a variety of clinical scenarios.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1991/191368 |
| spellingShingle | Paul E Hardy Richard N Fedorak Alan BR Thomson Olin G Thurston Glutamine and Its Effects on the Intestine Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology |
| title | Glutamine and Its Effects on the Intestine |
| title_full | Glutamine and Its Effects on the Intestine |
| title_fullStr | Glutamine and Its Effects on the Intestine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glutamine and Its Effects on the Intestine |
| title_short | Glutamine and Its Effects on the Intestine |
| title_sort | glutamine and its effects on the intestine |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1991/191368 |
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