Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy
Understanding interindividual variability in muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance training (RT) is a key focus of contemporary research. Common aims include identifying determinants of variability and recognizing individuals who do not respond to RT (i.e., non-responders). However, accuratel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2025.1517190/full |
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| author | Talisson Santos Chaves Deivid Gomes da Silva Manoel Emílio Lixandrão Cleiton Augusto Libardi |
| author_facet | Talisson Santos Chaves Deivid Gomes da Silva Manoel Emílio Lixandrão Cleiton Augusto Libardi |
| author_sort | Talisson Santos Chaves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding interindividual variability in muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance training (RT) is a key focus of contemporary research. Common aims include identifying determinants of variability and recognizing individuals who do not respond to RT (i.e., non-responders). However, accurately identifying true individual responses (TIR) remains challenging due to the complex nature of muscle hypertrophy assessments. This complexity arises from distinguishing the TIR from natural variation in muscle mass over time and random measurement error in pre- and postintervention assessments. Existing studies have often overlooked this complexity, failing to employ experimental designs capable of isolating the TIR. Additionally, the reliance on random measurement error assessments based on group level data may not adequately capture the biological variation in muscle mass within individuals. In this context, we propose an experimental design based on unilateral, within-subject resistance training, capable of estimating biological variation in muscle mass and identifying TIR to RT-induced muscle hypertrophy. Additionally, we present an approach to effectively identify non-responders. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f3af3e23771241a6b8ed133ac0ba3614 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2624-9367 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
| spelling | doaj-art-f3af3e23771241a6b8ed133ac0ba36142025-01-31T06:40:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Sports and Active Living2624-93672025-01-01710.3389/fspor.2025.15171901517190Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophyTalisson Santos Chaves0Deivid Gomes da Silva1Manoel Emílio Lixandrão2Cleiton Augusto Libardi3MUSCULAB - Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilMUSCULAB - Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United StatesMUSCULAB - Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, BrazilUnderstanding interindividual variability in muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance training (RT) is a key focus of contemporary research. Common aims include identifying determinants of variability and recognizing individuals who do not respond to RT (i.e., non-responders). However, accurately identifying true individual responses (TIR) remains challenging due to the complex nature of muscle hypertrophy assessments. This complexity arises from distinguishing the TIR from natural variation in muscle mass over time and random measurement error in pre- and postintervention assessments. Existing studies have often overlooked this complexity, failing to employ experimental designs capable of isolating the TIR. Additionally, the reliance on random measurement error assessments based on group level data may not adequately capture the biological variation in muscle mass within individuals. In this context, we propose an experimental design based on unilateral, within-subject resistance training, capable of estimating biological variation in muscle mass and identifying TIR to RT-induced muscle hypertrophy. Additionally, we present an approach to effectively identify non-responders.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2025.1517190/fullnon responderstypical error of measurementexperimental designbiological vailabilityrandom error analysis |
| spellingShingle | Talisson Santos Chaves Deivid Gomes da Silva Manoel Emílio Lixandrão Cleiton Augusto Libardi Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy Frontiers in Sports and Active Living non responders typical error of measurement experimental design biological vailability random error analysis |
| title | Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy |
| title_full | Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy |
| title_fullStr | Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy |
| title_short | Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy |
| title_sort | within individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training induced muscle hypertrophy |
| topic | non responders typical error of measurement experimental design biological vailability random error analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2025.1517190/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT talissonsantoschaves withinindividualdesignforassessingtrueindividualresponsesinresistancetraininginducedmusclehypertrophy AT deividgomesdasilva withinindividualdesignforassessingtrueindividualresponsesinresistancetraininginducedmusclehypertrophy AT manoelemiliolixandrao withinindividualdesignforassessingtrueindividualresponsesinresistancetraininginducedmusclehypertrophy AT cleitonaugustolibardi withinindividualdesignforassessingtrueindividualresponsesinresistancetraininginducedmusclehypertrophy |