PBC: Animal Models of Cholangiopathies and Possible Endogenous Viral Infections
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) is considered an autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts and its characteristic serologic marker, the anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA). Several factors were proposed to clarify the pathological and immunological...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Hepatology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/649290 |
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| author | Masashi Ninomiya Yoshiyuki Ueno Tooru Shimosegawa |
| author_facet | Masashi Ninomiya Yoshiyuki Ueno Tooru Shimosegawa |
| author_sort | Masashi Ninomiya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) is considered an autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts and its characteristic serologic marker, the anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA). Several factors were proposed to clarify the pathological and immunological mechanisms of PBC. Immunological reaction with a bacterial or a viral association was identified in the previous report, and it seems probable that PBC was thought to have such an etiology. The majority of patients with PBC was reported to have both RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry evidence of human betaretrovirus infection in lymph nodes or in 2008, the patient who developed PBC with high HIV viral load had an antiviral therapy and recovered. To understand the etiology of PBC associated with infection, several factors should be considered and especially animal models may be useful. In this paper, we introduce three typical animal models of PBC: the dominant-negative form of transforming growth factor-β receptor type II (dnTGFβRII) mouse, IL-2Rα−/− mouse and NOD.c3c4 mouse, are enumerated and described, and we discuss previous reports of viral infection associated with PBC and consider the etiology of PBC from our analysis of results in NOD.c3c4 mouse. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f26bdbcf88e54394b6017121df04201c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-3448 2090-3456 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Hepatology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f26bdbcf88e54394b6017121df04201c2025-02-03T05:46:05ZengWileyInternational Journal of Hepatology2090-34482090-34562012-01-01201210.1155/2012/649290649290PBC: Animal Models of Cholangiopathies and Possible Endogenous Viral InfectionsMasashi Ninomiya0Yoshiyuki Ueno1Tooru Shimosegawa2Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanPrimary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) is considered an autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts and its characteristic serologic marker, the anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA). Several factors were proposed to clarify the pathological and immunological mechanisms of PBC. Immunological reaction with a bacterial or a viral association was identified in the previous report, and it seems probable that PBC was thought to have such an etiology. The majority of patients with PBC was reported to have both RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry evidence of human betaretrovirus infection in lymph nodes or in 2008, the patient who developed PBC with high HIV viral load had an antiviral therapy and recovered. To understand the etiology of PBC associated with infection, several factors should be considered and especially animal models may be useful. In this paper, we introduce three typical animal models of PBC: the dominant-negative form of transforming growth factor-β receptor type II (dnTGFβRII) mouse, IL-2Rα−/− mouse and NOD.c3c4 mouse, are enumerated and described, and we discuss previous reports of viral infection associated with PBC and consider the etiology of PBC from our analysis of results in NOD.c3c4 mouse.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/649290 |
| spellingShingle | Masashi Ninomiya Yoshiyuki Ueno Tooru Shimosegawa PBC: Animal Models of Cholangiopathies and Possible Endogenous Viral Infections International Journal of Hepatology |
| title | PBC: Animal Models of Cholangiopathies and Possible Endogenous Viral Infections |
| title_full | PBC: Animal Models of Cholangiopathies and Possible Endogenous Viral Infections |
| title_fullStr | PBC: Animal Models of Cholangiopathies and Possible Endogenous Viral Infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | PBC: Animal Models of Cholangiopathies and Possible Endogenous Viral Infections |
| title_short | PBC: Animal Models of Cholangiopathies and Possible Endogenous Viral Infections |
| title_sort | pbc animal models of cholangiopathies and possible endogenous viral infections |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/649290 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT masashininomiya pbcanimalmodelsofcholangiopathiesandpossibleendogenousviralinfections AT yoshiyukiueno pbcanimalmodelsofcholangiopathiesandpossibleendogenousviralinfections AT toorushimosegawa pbcanimalmodelsofcholangiopathiesandpossibleendogenousviralinfections |