Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy
Abstract Cancer vaccines are promising as an effective means of stimulating the immune system to clear tumors as well as to establish immune surveillance. In this paper, we discuss the main platforms and current status of cancer vaccines and propose a new cancer vaccine platform, the cytosolic vesic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Discover Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01781-3 |
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| author | Wenxi Zhao Xianjun Li Jialu Guan Shuai Yan Lizhi Teng Xitong Sun Yuhan Dong Hongyue Wang Weiyang Tao |
| author_facet | Wenxi Zhao Xianjun Li Jialu Guan Shuai Yan Lizhi Teng Xitong Sun Yuhan Dong Hongyue Wang Weiyang Tao |
| author_sort | Wenxi Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Cancer vaccines are promising as an effective means of stimulating the immune system to clear tumors as well as to establish immune surveillance. In this paper, we discuss the main platforms and current status of cancer vaccines and propose a new cancer vaccine platform, the cytosolic vesicle vaccine. This vaccine has a unique structure that can integrate antigen and adjuvant carriers to improve the delivery efficiency and immune activation ability, which brings new ideas for cancer vaccine design. Tumor exosomes carry antigens and MHC-peptide complexes, which can provide tumor antigens to antigen-processing cells and increase the chances of recognition of tumor antigens by immune cells. DEVs play a role in amplifying the immune response by acting as carriers for the dissemination of antigenic substances in dendritic cells. OMVs, with their natural adjuvant properties, are one of the advantages for the preparation of antitumor vaccines. This paper presents the advantages of these three bacteria/extracellular vesicles as cancer vaccines and discusses the potential applications of functionally modified extracellular vesicles as cancer vaccines after cellular engineering or genetic engineering, as well as current clinical trials of extracellular vesicle vaccines. In summary, extracellular vesicle vaccines are a promising direction for cancer vaccine research. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f1eb4cf5037848b9a3787c2dcc9de819 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2730-6011 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Discover Oncology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f1eb4cf5037848b9a3787c2dcc9de8192025-01-19T12:29:09ZengSpringerDiscover Oncology2730-60112025-01-0116112210.1007/s12672-025-01781-3Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapyWenxi Zhao0Xianjun Li1Jialu Guan2Shuai Yan3Lizhi Teng4Xitong Sun5Yuhan Dong6Hongyue Wang7Weiyang Tao8Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityAbstract Cancer vaccines are promising as an effective means of stimulating the immune system to clear tumors as well as to establish immune surveillance. In this paper, we discuss the main platforms and current status of cancer vaccines and propose a new cancer vaccine platform, the cytosolic vesicle vaccine. This vaccine has a unique structure that can integrate antigen and adjuvant carriers to improve the delivery efficiency and immune activation ability, which brings new ideas for cancer vaccine design. Tumor exosomes carry antigens and MHC-peptide complexes, which can provide tumor antigens to antigen-processing cells and increase the chances of recognition of tumor antigens by immune cells. DEVs play a role in amplifying the immune response by acting as carriers for the dissemination of antigenic substances in dendritic cells. OMVs, with their natural adjuvant properties, are one of the advantages for the preparation of antitumor vaccines. This paper presents the advantages of these three bacteria/extracellular vesicles as cancer vaccines and discusses the potential applications of functionally modified extracellular vesicles as cancer vaccines after cellular engineering or genetic engineering, as well as current clinical trials of extracellular vesicle vaccines. In summary, extracellular vesicle vaccines are a promising direction for cancer vaccine research.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01781-3Cellular vesiclesCancer vaccineImmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Wenxi Zhao Xianjun Li Jialu Guan Shuai Yan Lizhi Teng Xitong Sun Yuhan Dong Hongyue Wang Weiyang Tao Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy Discover Oncology Cellular vesicles Cancer vaccine Immunotherapy |
| title | Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy |
| title_full | Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy |
| title_short | Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy |
| title_sort | potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy |
| topic | Cellular vesicles Cancer vaccine Immunotherapy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-01781-3 |
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