Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches
Spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a cascade of secondary damage driven by oxidative stress, characterized by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and other reactive molecules, which exacerbate cellular and tissue damage through the activation of deleterious signaling pathways. This r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/17 |
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| author | Yang-Jin Shen Yin-Cheng Huang Yi-Chuan Cheng |
| author_facet | Yang-Jin Shen Yin-Cheng Huang Yi-Chuan Cheng |
| author_sort | Yang-Jin Shen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a cascade of secondary damage driven by oxidative stress, characterized by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and other reactive molecules, which exacerbate cellular and tissue damage through the activation of deleterious signaling pathways. This review provides a comprehensive and critical evaluation of recent advancements in antioxidant-based therapeutic strategies for SCI, including natural compounds, RNA-based therapies, stem cell interventions, and biomaterial applications. It emphasizes the limitations of single-regimen approaches, particularly their limited efficacy and suboptimal delivery to injured spinal cord tissue, while highlighting the synergistic potential of combination therapies that integrate multiple modalities to address the multifaceted pathophysiology of SCI. By analyzing emerging trends and current limitations, this review identifies key challenges and proposes future directions, including the refinement of antioxidant delivery systems, the development of multi-targeted approaches, and strategies to overcome the structural complexities of the spinal cord. This work underscores the pressing need for innovative and integrative therapeutic approaches to advance the clinical translation of antioxidant-based interventions and improve outcomes for SCI patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ef45d613515b4b3d989e0db6a31e5a68 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj-art-ef45d613515b4b3d989e0db6a31e5a682025-01-24T13:19:08ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212024-12-011411710.3390/antiox14010017Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination ApproachesYang-Jin Shen0Yin-Cheng Huang1Yi-Chuan Cheng2Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, TaiwanNeuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333423, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, TaiwanSpinal cord injury (SCI) initiates a cascade of secondary damage driven by oxidative stress, characterized by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and other reactive molecules, which exacerbate cellular and tissue damage through the activation of deleterious signaling pathways. This review provides a comprehensive and critical evaluation of recent advancements in antioxidant-based therapeutic strategies for SCI, including natural compounds, RNA-based therapies, stem cell interventions, and biomaterial applications. It emphasizes the limitations of single-regimen approaches, particularly their limited efficacy and suboptimal delivery to injured spinal cord tissue, while highlighting the synergistic potential of combination therapies that integrate multiple modalities to address the multifaceted pathophysiology of SCI. By analyzing emerging trends and current limitations, this review identifies key challenges and proposes future directions, including the refinement of antioxidant delivery systems, the development of multi-targeted approaches, and strategies to overcome the structural complexities of the spinal cord. This work underscores the pressing need for innovative and integrative therapeutic approaches to advance the clinical translation of antioxidant-based interventions and improve outcomes for SCI patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/17spinal cord injury (SCI)oxidative stressantioxidant therapyendogenous antioxidantsnatural compoundspharmacological compounds |
| spellingShingle | Yang-Jin Shen Yin-Cheng Huang Yi-Chuan Cheng Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches Antioxidants spinal cord injury (SCI) oxidative stress antioxidant therapy endogenous antioxidants natural compounds pharmacological compounds |
| title | Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches |
| title_full | Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches |
| title_short | Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches |
| title_sort | advancements in antioxidant based therapeutics for spinal cord injury a critical review of strategies and combination approaches |
| topic | spinal cord injury (SCI) oxidative stress antioxidant therapy endogenous antioxidants natural compounds pharmacological compounds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/17 |
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