Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci
<b>Objective:</b> In the present study, we used phenotypic and molecular methods to determine susceptibility to oxacillin in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and estimate the prevalence of strains with low-level resistance to oxacillin, <i>mec</i>A-positive oxacillin-s...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Marta Katkowska Maja Kosecka-Strojek Mariola Wolska-Gębarzewska Ewa Kwapisz Maria Wierzbowska Jacek Międzobrodzki Katarzyna Garbacz |
| author_facet | Marta Katkowska Maja Kosecka-Strojek Mariola Wolska-Gębarzewska Ewa Kwapisz Maria Wierzbowska Jacek Międzobrodzki Katarzyna Garbacz |
| author_sort | Marta Katkowska |
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| description | <b>Objective:</b> In the present study, we used phenotypic and molecular methods to determine susceptibility to oxacillin in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and estimate the prevalence of strains with low-level resistance to oxacillin, <i>mec</i>A-positive oxacillin-susceptible methicillin-resistant (OS-MRCoNS), and borderline oxacillin-resistant (BORCoNS). <b>Methods:</b> One hundred one CoNS strains were screened for oxacillin and cefoxitin susceptibility using phenotypic (disk diffusion, agar dilution, latex agglutination, and chromagar) and molecular (detection of <i>mec</i>A, <i>mec</i>B, and <i>mec</i>C) methods. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome <i>mec</i> (SCC<i>mec</i>) typing was performed. <b>Results</b>: Sixteen (15.8%) CoNS strains were <i>mec</i>A-positive, and 85 (84.2%) were <i>mec</i>-negative. Seven (6.9%) were classified as OS-MRCoNS, accounting for 43.8% of all <i>mec</i>A-positive strains. Twelve (11.9%) <i>mec</i>-negative strains were classified as borderline oxacillin resistant (BORCoNS). Compared with MRCoNS and BORCoNS, OS-MRCoNS strains demonstrated lower resistance to non-beta-lactams. SCC<i>mec</i> type I cassette was predominant. The disc-diffusion method with oxacillin accurately predicted OS-MRCoNS strains but did not provide reliable results for BORCoNS strains. Meanwhile, the latex agglutination test and CHROMagar culture accurately identified BORCoNS but not OS-MRCoNS. <b>Conclusions:</b> Finally, our findings imply that the recognition of methicillin resistance in CoNS requires a meticulous approach and that further research is needed to develop unified laboratory diagnostic algorithms to prevent the misreporting of borderline CoNS. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eefc5747b5284bf084fa5056ef9d2635 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-eefc5747b5284bf084fa5056ef9d26352025-01-24T13:18:39ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822025-01-011413710.3390/antibiotics14010037Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative StaphylococciMarta Katkowska0Maja Kosecka-Strojek1Mariola Wolska-Gębarzewska2Ewa Kwapisz3Maria Wierzbowska4Jacek Międzobrodzki5Katarzyna Garbacz6Department of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland<b>Objective:</b> In the present study, we used phenotypic and molecular methods to determine susceptibility to oxacillin in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and estimate the prevalence of strains with low-level resistance to oxacillin, <i>mec</i>A-positive oxacillin-susceptible methicillin-resistant (OS-MRCoNS), and borderline oxacillin-resistant (BORCoNS). <b>Methods:</b> One hundred one CoNS strains were screened for oxacillin and cefoxitin susceptibility using phenotypic (disk diffusion, agar dilution, latex agglutination, and chromagar) and molecular (detection of <i>mec</i>A, <i>mec</i>B, and <i>mec</i>C) methods. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome <i>mec</i> (SCC<i>mec</i>) typing was performed. <b>Results</b>: Sixteen (15.8%) CoNS strains were <i>mec</i>A-positive, and 85 (84.2%) were <i>mec</i>-negative. Seven (6.9%) were classified as OS-MRCoNS, accounting for 43.8% of all <i>mec</i>A-positive strains. Twelve (11.9%) <i>mec</i>-negative strains were classified as borderline oxacillin resistant (BORCoNS). Compared with MRCoNS and BORCoNS, OS-MRCoNS strains demonstrated lower resistance to non-beta-lactams. SCC<i>mec</i> type I cassette was predominant. The disc-diffusion method with oxacillin accurately predicted OS-MRCoNS strains but did not provide reliable results for BORCoNS strains. Meanwhile, the latex agglutination test and CHROMagar culture accurately identified BORCoNS but not OS-MRCoNS. <b>Conclusions:</b> Finally, our findings imply that the recognition of methicillin resistance in CoNS requires a meticulous approach and that further research is needed to develop unified laboratory diagnostic algorithms to prevent the misreporting of borderline CoNS.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/37coagulase-negative staphylococciCoNSmethicillin-resistanceborderline oxacillin resistance<i>mec</i>Acefoxitin |
| spellingShingle | Marta Katkowska Maja Kosecka-Strojek Mariola Wolska-Gębarzewska Ewa Kwapisz Maria Wierzbowska Jacek Międzobrodzki Katarzyna Garbacz Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Antibiotics coagulase-negative staphylococci CoNS methicillin-resistance borderline oxacillin resistance <i>mec</i>A cefoxitin |
| title | Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci |
| title_full | Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci |
| title_fullStr | Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci |
| title_short | Emerging Challenges in Methicillin Resistance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci |
| title_sort | emerging challenges in methicillin resistance of coagulase negative staphylococci |
| topic | coagulase-negative staphylococci CoNS methicillin-resistance borderline oxacillin resistance <i>mec</i>A cefoxitin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/1/37 |
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