A self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6G networks

Abstract The rapid development of 6G networks is transforming the traditional mobile network service model from operator-centric to a more open and collaborative ecosystem. As 6G aims to support a vast number of connected devices and diverse applications, efficient trust management, robust security,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xiaorong Zhu, Zhiwei Yuan, Qinyin Ni
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11705-4
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849766496344997888
author Xiaorong Zhu
Zhiwei Yuan
Qinyin Ni
author_facet Xiaorong Zhu
Zhiwei Yuan
Qinyin Ni
author_sort Xiaorong Zhu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The rapid development of 6G networks is transforming the traditional mobile network service model from operator-centric to a more open and collaborative ecosystem. As 6G aims to support a vast number of connected devices and diverse applications, efficient trust management, robust security, and streamlined fee settlement are crucial. Blockchain technology offers a promising solution with its decentralized and tamper-resistant features. However, the challenge of balancing decentralization, scalability, and security, known as the “Impossible Triangle,” hinders its seamless integration into 6G networks. To overcome this, we present a self-evolving high-performance sharded consortium blockchain (EvoChain) designed for 6G networks. EvoChain utilizes subjective logic scoring and a multi-agent Stackelberg game concepts for autonomous blockchain evolution. Through sharding, EvoChain partitions the network into manageable subsets, enabling concurrent transaction processing and improved scalability. Extensive simulations show that EvoChain outperforms existing solutions like Elastico and OmniLedger, with 1.28–3.06 times higher scalability and 1.46–3.35 times higher security scores.
format Article
id doaj-art-eef0593b0ec348b0bd842b04ca8a35d2
institution DOAJ
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-eef0593b0ec348b0bd842b04ca8a35d22025-08-20T03:04:34ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115112410.1038/s41598-025-11705-4A self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6G networksXiaorong Zhu0Zhiwei Yuan1Qinyin Ni2College of Telecommunications & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsCollege of Telecommunications & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsCollege of Telecommunications & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsAbstract The rapid development of 6G networks is transforming the traditional mobile network service model from operator-centric to a more open and collaborative ecosystem. As 6G aims to support a vast number of connected devices and diverse applications, efficient trust management, robust security, and streamlined fee settlement are crucial. Blockchain technology offers a promising solution with its decentralized and tamper-resistant features. However, the challenge of balancing decentralization, scalability, and security, known as the “Impossible Triangle,” hinders its seamless integration into 6G networks. To overcome this, we present a self-evolving high-performance sharded consortium blockchain (EvoChain) designed for 6G networks. EvoChain utilizes subjective logic scoring and a multi-agent Stackelberg game concepts for autonomous blockchain evolution. Through sharding, EvoChain partitions the network into manageable subsets, enabling concurrent transaction processing and improved scalability. Extensive simulations show that EvoChain outperforms existing solutions like Elastico and OmniLedger, with 1.28–3.06 times higher scalability and 1.46–3.35 times higher security scores.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11705-46G networksBlockchainSharding designOptimization modelSecurity
spellingShingle Xiaorong Zhu
Zhiwei Yuan
Qinyin Ni
A self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6G networks
Scientific Reports
6G networks
Blockchain
Sharding design
Optimization model
Security
title A self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6G networks
title_full A self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6G networks
title_fullStr A self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6G networks
title_full_unstemmed A self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6G networks
title_short A self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6G networks
title_sort self evolving high performance sharded consortium blockchain designed for secure and trusted resource sharing for 6g networks
topic 6G networks
Blockchain
Sharding design
Optimization model
Security
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11705-4
work_keys_str_mv AT xiaorongzhu aselfevolvinghighperformanceshardedconsortiumblockchaindesignedforsecureandtrustedresourcesharingfor6gnetworks
AT zhiweiyuan aselfevolvinghighperformanceshardedconsortiumblockchaindesignedforsecureandtrustedresourcesharingfor6gnetworks
AT qinyinni aselfevolvinghighperformanceshardedconsortiumblockchaindesignedforsecureandtrustedresourcesharingfor6gnetworks
AT xiaorongzhu selfevolvinghighperformanceshardedconsortiumblockchaindesignedforsecureandtrustedresourcesharingfor6gnetworks
AT zhiweiyuan selfevolvinghighperformanceshardedconsortiumblockchaindesignedforsecureandtrustedresourcesharingfor6gnetworks
AT qinyinni selfevolvinghighperformanceshardedconsortiumblockchaindesignedforsecureandtrustedresourcesharingfor6gnetworks