Air carbon arc gouging and submerged-arc welding: Insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel

Repairing discontinuities and defective welds in AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) is a critical procedure of significant technological and scientific interest given the complex metallurgical transformations involved. Air carbon arc gouging (ACAG) is a versatile and cost-effective technique for...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Arthur de Bribean Guerra, Tales Ferreira, Claudemiro Bolfarini, Guilherme Yuuki Koga
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425010944
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849714197797011456
author Arthur de Bribean Guerra
Tales Ferreira
Claudemiro Bolfarini
Guilherme Yuuki Koga
author_facet Arthur de Bribean Guerra
Tales Ferreira
Claudemiro Bolfarini
Guilherme Yuuki Koga
author_sort Arthur de Bribean Guerra
collection DOAJ
description Repairing discontinuities and defective welds in AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) is a critical procedure of significant technological and scientific interest given the complex metallurgical transformations involved. Air carbon arc gouging (ACAG) is a versatile and cost-effective technique for defect removal across various metals and geometries. However, its application in DSS has been limited due to concerns over sensitization and chloride-induced corrosion risks. This study investigates the effects of ACAG and submerged-arc welding (SAW) on the microstructure, sensitization behavior, and mechanical properties of 2205 DSS. Various gouging parameters and mechanical surface cleaning treatments—as-gouged, brushed, and rectified conditions—were assessed. Microstructural characterization and sensitization assessment were performed using double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR). Additionally, the influence of two weld joint geometries (“X” and “V”) on microstructure, sensitization, and mechanical performance was analyzed. Results indicate that as-gouged surfaces exhibit elevated sensitization risks, while welded joints remain resistant. Mechanical testing demonstrated tensile strengths exceeding 750 MPa in both gouged and welded joints. This study provides new insights into optimizing ACAG and SAW repair strategies for 2205 DSS, particularly for applications in the petrochemical and offshore industries.
format Article
id doaj-art-eec17ad6634a4e9bbe1fd914c8a93ee3
institution DOAJ
issn 2238-7854
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Materials Research and Technology
spelling doaj-art-eec17ad6634a4e9bbe1fd914c8a93ee32025-08-20T03:13:45ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-05-01366196621810.1016/j.jmrt.2025.04.273Air carbon arc gouging and submerged-arc welding: Insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steelArthur de Bribean Guerra0Tales Ferreira1Claudemiro Bolfarini2Guilherme Yuuki Koga3Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Center for Characterization and Development of Materials (CCDM), Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, Brazil; Corresponding author. Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, Brazil.Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, BrazilFederal University of São Carlos, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, BrazilFederal University of São Carlos, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos, Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Rod. Washington Luís, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565–905, BrazilRepairing discontinuities and defective welds in AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) is a critical procedure of significant technological and scientific interest given the complex metallurgical transformations involved. Air carbon arc gouging (ACAG) is a versatile and cost-effective technique for defect removal across various metals and geometries. However, its application in DSS has been limited due to concerns over sensitization and chloride-induced corrosion risks. This study investigates the effects of ACAG and submerged-arc welding (SAW) on the microstructure, sensitization behavior, and mechanical properties of 2205 DSS. Various gouging parameters and mechanical surface cleaning treatments—as-gouged, brushed, and rectified conditions—were assessed. Microstructural characterization and sensitization assessment were performed using double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR). Additionally, the influence of two weld joint geometries (“X” and “V”) on microstructure, sensitization, and mechanical performance was analyzed. Results indicate that as-gouged surfaces exhibit elevated sensitization risks, while welded joints remain resistant. Mechanical testing demonstrated tensile strengths exceeding 750 MPa in both gouged and welded joints. This study provides new insights into optimizing ACAG and SAW repair strategies for 2205 DSS, particularly for applications in the petrochemical and offshore industries.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425010944FailureRepairMechanical propertiesIntergranular corrosionChloride-induced corrosionOil and gas
spellingShingle Arthur de Bribean Guerra
Tales Ferreira
Claudemiro Bolfarini
Guilherme Yuuki Koga
Air carbon arc gouging and submerged-arc welding: Insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Failure
Repair
Mechanical properties
Intergranular corrosion
Chloride-induced corrosion
Oil and gas
title Air carbon arc gouging and submerged-arc welding: Insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel
title_full Air carbon arc gouging and submerged-arc welding: Insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel
title_fullStr Air carbon arc gouging and submerged-arc welding: Insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel
title_full_unstemmed Air carbon arc gouging and submerged-arc welding: Insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel
title_short Air carbon arc gouging and submerged-arc welding: Insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel
title_sort air carbon arc gouging and submerged arc welding insights into sensitization and mechanical behavior of aisi 2205 duplex stainless steel
topic Failure
Repair
Mechanical properties
Intergranular corrosion
Chloride-induced corrosion
Oil and gas
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425010944
work_keys_str_mv AT arthurdebribeanguerra aircarbonarcgougingandsubmergedarcweldinginsightsintosensitizationandmechanicalbehaviorofaisi2205duplexstainlesssteel
AT talesferreira aircarbonarcgougingandsubmergedarcweldinginsightsintosensitizationandmechanicalbehaviorofaisi2205duplexstainlesssteel
AT claudemirobolfarini aircarbonarcgougingandsubmergedarcweldinginsightsintosensitizationandmechanicalbehaviorofaisi2205duplexstainlesssteel
AT guilhermeyuukikoga aircarbonarcgougingandsubmergedarcweldinginsightsintosensitizationandmechanicalbehaviorofaisi2205duplexstainlesssteel