Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around The Sumpur River, West Sumatra-Indonesia
The extensive agricultural activity contributes to runoff and plays a significant role in elevated sulfate concentrations in many global water bodies. In tropical regions, sulfate pollution and its associated health hazards have intensified, emerging as an international concern. However, these issue...
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Toxicology Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750025000393 |
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| author | Sukarjo Rahmah Dewi Yustika Cicik Oktasari Handayani Triyani Dewi Yustiawati Delvi Yanti Ai Dariah |
| author_facet | Sukarjo Rahmah Dewi Yustika Cicik Oktasari Handayani Triyani Dewi Yustiawati Delvi Yanti Ai Dariah |
| author_sort | Sukarjo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The extensive agricultural activity contributes to runoff and plays a significant role in elevated sulfate concentrations in many global water bodies. In tropical regions, sulfate pollution and its associated health hazards have intensified, emerging as an international concern. However, these issues are often overlooked despite their potential impact on water and citizen safety. Present study intends to assess the risks posed by sulfate contamination to human health, given its critical implications for water quality in the area. The assessment was conducted through observations in seven water sampling stations established along the Sumpur River and its estuary in Lake Singkarak. The analysis of the collected samples reveals that sulfate concentrations at all locations remain within permissible limits, confirming the water's suitability for consumption. The Sulfate Pollution Index (SPI) values at all sampling locations are below 1, classifying them as unpolluted with respect to sulfate content. Additionally, the Hazard Index (HI) values at all locations were below 1, indicating no significant non-carcinogenic health risks to the public. However, location S5 recorded the highest average HI value, nearing 1 (0.95). One of sampling observations at S5, located near rice fields and settlement areas along the riverbanks, showed a value exceeding 1, which requires attention. Sustainable management of agricultural is crucial for mitigating potential health and dangers sulfate contamination and ensuring the safety of water for consumption in this region. Mitigating sulfate pollution from agriculture and residential areas requires a combination of technology, education, and regulatory enforcement. This approach should actively involve the community to create a healthier and more sustainable environment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ee822a2374bc4d579c49d8c9743bd9ee |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-7500 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxicology Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-ee822a2374bc4d579c49d8c9743bd9ee2025-01-26T05:03:54ZengElsevierToxicology Reports2214-75002025-06-0114101921Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around The Sumpur River, West Sumatra-Indonesia Sukarjo0Rahmah Dewi Yustika1Cicik Oktasari Handayani2Triyani Dewi3 Yustiawati4Delvi Yanti5Ai Dariah6Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor 16911, IndonesiaResearch Center for Estate Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; Corresponding author.Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor 16911, IndonesiaResearch Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor 16911, IndonesiaResearch Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor 16911, IndonesiaDepartment of Agriculture and Biosystem Technology, Universitas Andalas, Limau Manis, Padang 25166, IndonesiaResearch Center for Estate Crops, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Bogor 16911, IndonesiaThe extensive agricultural activity contributes to runoff and plays a significant role in elevated sulfate concentrations in many global water bodies. In tropical regions, sulfate pollution and its associated health hazards have intensified, emerging as an international concern. However, these issues are often overlooked despite their potential impact on water and citizen safety. Present study intends to assess the risks posed by sulfate contamination to human health, given its critical implications for water quality in the area. The assessment was conducted through observations in seven water sampling stations established along the Sumpur River and its estuary in Lake Singkarak. The analysis of the collected samples reveals that sulfate concentrations at all locations remain within permissible limits, confirming the water's suitability for consumption. The Sulfate Pollution Index (SPI) values at all sampling locations are below 1, classifying them as unpolluted with respect to sulfate content. Additionally, the Hazard Index (HI) values at all locations were below 1, indicating no significant non-carcinogenic health risks to the public. However, location S5 recorded the highest average HI value, nearing 1 (0.95). One of sampling observations at S5, located near rice fields and settlement areas along the riverbanks, showed a value exceeding 1, which requires attention. Sustainable management of agricultural is crucial for mitigating potential health and dangers sulfate contamination and ensuring the safety of water for consumption in this region. Mitigating sulfate pollution from agriculture and residential areas requires a combination of technology, education, and regulatory enforcement. This approach should actively involve the community to create a healthier and more sustainable environment.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750025000393Human healthRisk assessmentSulfate pollutionWater quality |
| spellingShingle | Sukarjo Rahmah Dewi Yustika Cicik Oktasari Handayani Triyani Dewi Yustiawati Delvi Yanti Ai Dariah Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around The Sumpur River, West Sumatra-Indonesia Toxicology Reports Human health Risk assessment Sulfate pollution Water quality |
| title | Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around The Sumpur River, West Sumatra-Indonesia |
| title_full | Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around The Sumpur River, West Sumatra-Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around The Sumpur River, West Sumatra-Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around The Sumpur River, West Sumatra-Indonesia |
| title_short | Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around The Sumpur River, West Sumatra-Indonesia |
| title_sort | risk assessment for non carcinogenic effect posed by sulfates in water on the health of residents around the sumpur river west sumatra indonesia |
| topic | Human health Risk assessment Sulfate pollution Water quality |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750025000393 |
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