Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability Tests
GNSS-RTK offers numerous advantages and broad prospects in structural dynamic monitoring in civil engineering. However, in practical applications, GNSS-RTK accuracy is susceptible to the monitoring environments, causing actual monitoring accuracy to fall below its calibrated accuracy. This study inv...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Wencong Qi Feilong Li Lina Yu Lilong Fan Kai Zhang |
| author_facet | Wencong Qi Feilong Li Lina Yu Lilong Fan Kai Zhang |
| author_sort | Wencong Qi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | GNSS-RTK offers numerous advantages and broad prospects in structural dynamic monitoring in civil engineering. However, in practical applications, GNSS-RTK accuracy is susceptible to the monitoring environments, causing actual monitoring accuracy to fall below its calibrated accuracy. This study investigates the monitoring accuracy and spectral characteristics of GNSS-RTK based on stability tests under different environments related to reflection and obstruction conditions (i.e., concrete, grass, an obstructed balcony, and a water area). The findings indicate that in open environments of grass, concrete, and water, the standard deviation (STD) of GNSS-RTK monitored displacement is below 8 mm, its accuracy meeting the specifications of structural health monitoring. In the obstructed balcony environments, GNSS-RTK signals exhibit amplitude jumps, resulting in lower accuracy; however, during non-jump intervals, the STD of monitored displacement is below 10 mm, satisfying the structural health monitoring accuracy requirements. Moreover, the amplitudes of GNSS-RTK displacements in the concrete, grass, and water areas are basically consistent with the calibration accuracy of ±10 mm in the horizontal direction and ±20 mm in the elevation direction, while the amplitudes of GNSS-RTK displacements in the obstructed balcony condition are far greater than the calibration accuracy. The spectral analysis of GNSS-RTK signals reveals that multipath errors in concrete, grass, and obstructed balcony environments are primarily concentrated in the low-frequency range within 0.04 Hz, while the internal white noise of the instrument is widely and evenly distributed across the whole frequency domain. Based on these findings, adaptive methods, such as filter methods and multipath error correction techniques, are proposed for the de-noising of GNSS-RTK background noise. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ee63edb291b64d8096260b455c8ee727 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-ee63edb291b64d8096260b455c8ee7272025-01-24T13:48:42ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125237910.3390/s25020379Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability TestsWencong Qi0Feilong Li1Lina Yu2Lilong Fan3Kai Zhang4School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaCentre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIR), Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, ChinaChina Railway Construction Bridge Engineering Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, ChinaChina Railway Construction Bridge Engineering Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, ChinaGNSS-RTK offers numerous advantages and broad prospects in structural dynamic monitoring in civil engineering. However, in practical applications, GNSS-RTK accuracy is susceptible to the monitoring environments, causing actual monitoring accuracy to fall below its calibrated accuracy. This study investigates the monitoring accuracy and spectral characteristics of GNSS-RTK based on stability tests under different environments related to reflection and obstruction conditions (i.e., concrete, grass, an obstructed balcony, and a water area). The findings indicate that in open environments of grass, concrete, and water, the standard deviation (STD) of GNSS-RTK monitored displacement is below 8 mm, its accuracy meeting the specifications of structural health monitoring. In the obstructed balcony environments, GNSS-RTK signals exhibit amplitude jumps, resulting in lower accuracy; however, during non-jump intervals, the STD of monitored displacement is below 10 mm, satisfying the structural health monitoring accuracy requirements. Moreover, the amplitudes of GNSS-RTK displacements in the concrete, grass, and water areas are basically consistent with the calibration accuracy of ±10 mm in the horizontal direction and ±20 mm in the elevation direction, while the amplitudes of GNSS-RTK displacements in the obstructed balcony condition are far greater than the calibration accuracy. The spectral analysis of GNSS-RTK signals reveals that multipath errors in concrete, grass, and obstructed balcony environments are primarily concentrated in the low-frequency range within 0.04 Hz, while the internal white noise of the instrument is widely and evenly distributed across the whole frequency domain. Based on these findings, adaptive methods, such as filter methods and multipath error correction techniques, are proposed for the de-noising of GNSS-RTK background noise.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/379GNSS-RTKbackground noiseenvironmental effectsstability test |
| spellingShingle | Wencong Qi Feilong Li Lina Yu Lilong Fan Kai Zhang Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability Tests Sensors GNSS-RTK background noise environmental effects stability test |
| title | Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability Tests |
| title_full | Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability Tests |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability Tests |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability Tests |
| title_short | Analysis of GNSS-RTK Monitoring Background Noise Characteristics Based on Stability Tests |
| title_sort | analysis of gnss rtk monitoring background noise characteristics based on stability tests |
| topic | GNSS-RTK background noise environmental effects stability test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/379 |
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