Optimizing the Supply Chain for Recycling Electric Vehicle NMC Batteries
The rapid growth of electric vehicle production has led to increased waste batteries that can no longer be used. This increase causes environmental and economic challenges. Lithium-ion battery waste harms the environment as it contains toxic and flammable chemicals. New raw materials need to be procu...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Universitas Andalas
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://josi.ft.unand.ac.id/index.php/josi/article/view/88 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832575489065091072 |
|---|---|
| author | Fransisca Indraningsih Kasy Muhammad Hisjam Wakhid Ahmad Jauhari Syed Ahmad Helmi Syed Hassan |
| author_facet | Fransisca Indraningsih Kasy Muhammad Hisjam Wakhid Ahmad Jauhari Syed Ahmad Helmi Syed Hassan |
| author_sort | Fransisca Indraningsih Kasy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The rapid growth of electric vehicle production has led to increased waste batteries that can no longer be used. This increase causes environmental and economic challenges. Lithium-ion battery waste harms the environment as it contains toxic and flammable chemicals. New raw materials need to be procured economically due to the need for more infrastructure and a circular economy. Therefore, the solution to overcome the impact of the accumulation of lithium battery waste is to recycle the battery. Recycling end-of-life batteries is necessary to mitigate material supply risks, reduce demand for new materials, and mitigate harmful environmental and health impacts. This study aims to provide a conceptual model for the supply chain network design of electric vehicles' Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) battery recycling process. We developed a mathematical model to determine the allocation of multi-product recycling products from multi-suppliers and other related entities such as manufacturers and landfills over multiple periods. The analysis method utilizes techno-economic investment feasibility analysis and load distance method. The problem in the recycling process supply chain network is formulated in a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model. The MILP optimization results show that the proposed model produces a globally optimal solution for allocating NMC batteries. The application of this study is to provide a solution to the treatment of waste batteries from electric vehicle end-users in Java Island, Indonesia. In addition, it can develop economic opportunities in the waste battery recycling business in the electric vehicle industry. It is building a contribution to a sustainable electric vehicle battery management system by reducing the dependence on demand for new materials from mining and analyzing the sustainability of the NMC electric vehicle battery recycling process. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ee50524c3bd54e9c82d9f163b8764646 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2088-4842 2442-8795 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Andalas |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri |
| spelling | doaj-art-ee50524c3bd54e9c82d9f163b87646462025-02-01T06:52:12ZengUniversitas AndalasJurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri2088-48422442-87952025-01-0123220722610.25077/josi.v23.n2.p207-226.202488Optimizing the Supply Chain for Recycling Electric Vehicle NMC BatteriesFransisca Indraningsih Kasy0Muhammad Hisjam1Wakhid Ahmad Jauhari2Syed Ahmad Helmi Syed Hassan3Universitas Sebelas Maret Universitas Sebelas Maret Universitas Sebelas Maret Purdue UniversityThe rapid growth of electric vehicle production has led to increased waste batteries that can no longer be used. This increase causes environmental and economic challenges. Lithium-ion battery waste harms the environment as it contains toxic and flammable chemicals. New raw materials need to be procured economically due to the need for more infrastructure and a circular economy. Therefore, the solution to overcome the impact of the accumulation of lithium battery waste is to recycle the battery. Recycling end-of-life batteries is necessary to mitigate material supply risks, reduce demand for new materials, and mitigate harmful environmental and health impacts. This study aims to provide a conceptual model for the supply chain network design of electric vehicles' Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) battery recycling process. We developed a mathematical model to determine the allocation of multi-product recycling products from multi-suppliers and other related entities such as manufacturers and landfills over multiple periods. The analysis method utilizes techno-economic investment feasibility analysis and load distance method. The problem in the recycling process supply chain network is formulated in a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model. The MILP optimization results show that the proposed model produces a globally optimal solution for allocating NMC batteries. The application of this study is to provide a solution to the treatment of waste batteries from electric vehicle end-users in Java Island, Indonesia. In addition, it can develop economic opportunities in the waste battery recycling business in the electric vehicle industry. It is building a contribution to a sustainable electric vehicle battery management system by reducing the dependence on demand for new materials from mining and analyzing the sustainability of the NMC electric vehicle battery recycling process.https://josi.ft.unand.ac.id/index.php/josi/article/view/88recyclingoptimizationnetwork designmixed integer linear programming |
| spellingShingle | Fransisca Indraningsih Kasy Muhammad Hisjam Wakhid Ahmad Jauhari Syed Ahmad Helmi Syed Hassan Optimizing the Supply Chain for Recycling Electric Vehicle NMC Batteries Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri recycling optimization network design mixed integer linear programming |
| title | Optimizing the Supply Chain for Recycling Electric Vehicle NMC Batteries |
| title_full | Optimizing the Supply Chain for Recycling Electric Vehicle NMC Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Optimizing the Supply Chain for Recycling Electric Vehicle NMC Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing the Supply Chain for Recycling Electric Vehicle NMC Batteries |
| title_short | Optimizing the Supply Chain for Recycling Electric Vehicle NMC Batteries |
| title_sort | optimizing the supply chain for recycling electric vehicle nmc batteries |
| topic | recycling optimization network design mixed integer linear programming |
| url | https://josi.ft.unand.ac.id/index.php/josi/article/view/88 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fransiscaindraningsihkasy optimizingthesupplychainforrecyclingelectricvehiclenmcbatteries AT muhammadhisjam optimizingthesupplychainforrecyclingelectricvehiclenmcbatteries AT wakhidahmadjauhari optimizingthesupplychainforrecyclingelectricvehiclenmcbatteries AT syedahmadhelmisyedhassan optimizingthesupplychainforrecyclingelectricvehiclenmcbatteries |