Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility
Infertility, both primary and secondary, is strongly influenced by microbiological factors, with the vaginal microbiota playing a key role in reproductive health. Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the vaginal microbiota of 136 Mexican women diagnosed with infertility—primary (n =...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Iliana Alejandra Cortés-Ortíz Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano Rafael Nambo-Venegas Jesús Alejandro Pineda-Migranas Oscar Giovanni Ríos-Hernández Eduardo García-Moncada Alejandra Yareth Bonilla-Cortés Mónica Sierra-Martínez Juan Carlos Bravata-Alcántara |
| author_facet | Iliana Alejandra Cortés-Ortíz Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano Rafael Nambo-Venegas Jesús Alejandro Pineda-Migranas Oscar Giovanni Ríos-Hernández Eduardo García-Moncada Alejandra Yareth Bonilla-Cortés Mónica Sierra-Martínez Juan Carlos Bravata-Alcántara |
| author_sort | Iliana Alejandra Cortés-Ortíz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Infertility, both primary and secondary, is strongly influenced by microbiological factors, with the vaginal microbiota playing a key role in reproductive health. Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the vaginal microbiota of 136 Mexican women diagnosed with infertility—primary (n = 58) and secondary (n = 78)—by evaluating the presence of pathogenic bacterial species and their associations with infertility conditions. Methods: Samples were obtained through cervical swabs, and microorganism identification was performed using qPCR techniques. Results: Analysis revealed a positive correlation between increased age and the likelihood of primary infertility, as well as a negative correlation with secondary infertility. Significant differences in microbial composition were also observed between the two infertility groups. <i>Lactobacillus crispatus</i> and <i>Lactobacillus gasseri</i> were dominant in women with primary infertility, in addition to a high prevalence of <i>Gardnerella vaginalis</i> and <i>Fannyhessea vaginae</i>. Additionally, correlations were found between the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and sexually transmitted bacteria, as well as <i>Gardnerella vaginalis</i>. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the composition of the vaginal microbiota may play a decisive role in infertility, highlighting the need for personalized therapeutic strategies based on microbial profiles. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-ede51e2cec344076bd0b35e3770caa752025-01-24T13:42:59ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072025-01-0113118810.3390/microorganisms13010188Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary InfertilityIliana Alejandra Cortés-Ortíz0Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano1Rafael Nambo-Venegas2Jesús Alejandro Pineda-Migranas3Oscar Giovanni Ríos-Hernández4Eduardo García-Moncada5Alejandra Yareth Bonilla-Cortés6Mónica Sierra-Martínez7Juan Carlos Bravata-Alcántara8Laboratorio de Genética y Diagnóstico Molecular, Hospital Juárez de México, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 5160, Col. Magdalena de las Salinas, Ciudad de México 07760, MexicoHospital General de México, Eje 2A Sur (Dr. Balmis) No.148, Cuauhtémoc, Doctores, Ciudad de México 06726, MexicoLaboratorio de Genómica del Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigación sobre Envejecimiento (CIE-CINVESTAV Sede Sur), Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14330, MexicoLaboratorio de Genética y Diagnóstico Molecular, Hospital Juárez de México, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 5160, Col. Magdalena de las Salinas, Ciudad de México 07760, MexicoLaboratorio de Genética y Diagnóstico Molecular, Hospital Juárez de México, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 5160, Col. Magdalena de las Salinas, Ciudad de México 07760, MexicoLaboratorio de Genética y Diagnóstico Molecular, Hospital Juárez de México, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 5160, Col. Magdalena de las Salinas, Ciudad de México 07760, MexicoEscuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Guillermo Massieu Helguera 239, La Purísima Ticomán, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México 07320, MexicoUnidad de Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, IMSS-Bienestar, Carr Federal México-Puebla Km 34.5, Ixtapaluca 56530, MexicoUnidad de Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, IMSS-Bienestar, Carr Federal México-Puebla Km 34.5, Ixtapaluca 56530, MexicoInfertility, both primary and secondary, is strongly influenced by microbiological factors, with the vaginal microbiota playing a key role in reproductive health. Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the vaginal microbiota of 136 Mexican women diagnosed with infertility—primary (n = 58) and secondary (n = 78)—by evaluating the presence of pathogenic bacterial species and their associations with infertility conditions. Methods: Samples were obtained through cervical swabs, and microorganism identification was performed using qPCR techniques. Results: Analysis revealed a positive correlation between increased age and the likelihood of primary infertility, as well as a negative correlation with secondary infertility. Significant differences in microbial composition were also observed between the two infertility groups. <i>Lactobacillus crispatus</i> and <i>Lactobacillus gasseri</i> were dominant in women with primary infertility, in addition to a high prevalence of <i>Gardnerella vaginalis</i> and <i>Fannyhessea vaginae</i>. Additionally, correlations were found between the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and sexually transmitted bacteria, as well as <i>Gardnerella vaginalis</i>. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the composition of the vaginal microbiota may play a decisive role in infertility, highlighting the need for personalized therapeutic strategies based on microbial profiles.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/188infertilityvaginal microbiotaHPV |
| spellingShingle | Iliana Alejandra Cortés-Ortíz Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano Rafael Nambo-Venegas Jesús Alejandro Pineda-Migranas Oscar Giovanni Ríos-Hernández Eduardo García-Moncada Alejandra Yareth Bonilla-Cortés Mónica Sierra-Martínez Juan Carlos Bravata-Alcántara Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility Microorganisms infertility vaginal microbiota HPV |
| title | Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility |
| title_full | Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility |
| title_fullStr | Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility |
| title_short | Vaginal Dysbiosis in Infertility: A Comparative Analysis Between Women with Primary and Secondary Infertility |
| title_sort | vaginal dysbiosis in infertility a comparative analysis between women with primary and secondary infertility |
| topic | infertility vaginal microbiota HPV |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/188 |
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