One Health preparedness and response for mosquito-borne viruses: a stakeholder- and social network-analysis in the Netherlands
Abstract Background The emergence of mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs) in Europe emphasizes the need for preparedness and response plans. This requires knowledge integration and collaboration across the human, animal, vector, and environmental health domains, aligning with the One Health approach. Despi...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21539-4 |
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| author | Pauline A. de Best H. Broekhuizen R. S. Sikkema M. P. G. Koopmans A. Timen |
| author_facet | Pauline A. de Best H. Broekhuizen R. S. Sikkema M. P. G. Koopmans A. Timen |
| author_sort | Pauline A. de Best |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The emergence of mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs) in Europe emphasizes the need for preparedness and response plans. This requires knowledge integration and collaboration across the human, animal, vector, and environmental health domains, aligning with the One Health approach. Despite the importance of a One Health approach, engaging stakeholders from each domain remains challenging. This study aims to identify stakeholders in the field of preparedness and response to MBVs in the Netherlands and map collaborations, knowledge- and information-sharing between these stakeholders, their domains and governance levels. In addition, we aim to identify bottlenecks in these networks and uncover underlying reasons. Methods This study combined stakeholder- and social network analysis. Stakeholders were identified through document analysis and snowballing. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eligible stakeholders. Stakeholders’ collaborations, dependencies, and their roles in MBV preparedness and response were discussed. Interviewees not currently active in MBV policy were given the opportunity to share their experiences regarding ‘zoonotic infectious diseases’ or ‘healthy living environments’. Interview transcripts were coded to identify collaborations and information- and knowledge sharing between stakeholders. Stakeholders were categorized into domains (animal, vector, human, environment, other) and governance levels (international, national, regional, local, other). Networks were visualized and analysed using Cytoscape and R. Results Stakeholder analysis identified 87 stakeholders who influence or are (likely to be) influenced by MBV preparedness and response, of whom 47 were identified as having an active role in the MBV interaction network. Network visualisation unveiled 153 connections among these 47 stakeholders, encompassing all domains and governance levels but showed underrepresentation of regional, local and environmental stakeholders. Transcript analysis revealed low urgency for MBVs among these stakeholders as an underlying reason for their underrepresentation in the MBV interaction network. Analysis and visualisation of the networks for the other two themes (“healthy living environment” and “(zoonotic) infectious diseases”) did show multiple connections with environmental and regional/local stakeholders. Conclusions The underrepresentation of the environment domain, regional and local stakeholders in the MBV preparedness and response network underlines the remaining challenge of including all relevant stakeholders. We recommend utilising existing collaborations, identified in this study, and central stakeholders to overcome these bottlenecks. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eda78eb91e8f4360bdbf667fb1d993e0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-eda78eb91e8f4360bdbf667fb1d993e02025-01-26T12:55:53ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111410.1186/s12889-025-21539-4One Health preparedness and response for mosquito-borne viruses: a stakeholder- and social network-analysis in the NetherlandsPauline A. de Best0H. Broekhuizen1R. S. Sikkema2M. P. G. Koopmans3A. Timen4Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical CenterDepartment of Social Sciences, Health and Society, Wageningen University & ResearchViroscience, Erasmus University Medical CenterViroscience, Erasmus University Medical CenterNational Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)Abstract Background The emergence of mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs) in Europe emphasizes the need for preparedness and response plans. This requires knowledge integration and collaboration across the human, animal, vector, and environmental health domains, aligning with the One Health approach. Despite the importance of a One Health approach, engaging stakeholders from each domain remains challenging. This study aims to identify stakeholders in the field of preparedness and response to MBVs in the Netherlands and map collaborations, knowledge- and information-sharing between these stakeholders, their domains and governance levels. In addition, we aim to identify bottlenecks in these networks and uncover underlying reasons. Methods This study combined stakeholder- and social network analysis. Stakeholders were identified through document analysis and snowballing. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eligible stakeholders. Stakeholders’ collaborations, dependencies, and their roles in MBV preparedness and response were discussed. Interviewees not currently active in MBV policy were given the opportunity to share their experiences regarding ‘zoonotic infectious diseases’ or ‘healthy living environments’. Interview transcripts were coded to identify collaborations and information- and knowledge sharing between stakeholders. Stakeholders were categorized into domains (animal, vector, human, environment, other) and governance levels (international, national, regional, local, other). Networks were visualized and analysed using Cytoscape and R. Results Stakeholder analysis identified 87 stakeholders who influence or are (likely to be) influenced by MBV preparedness and response, of whom 47 were identified as having an active role in the MBV interaction network. Network visualisation unveiled 153 connections among these 47 stakeholders, encompassing all domains and governance levels but showed underrepresentation of regional, local and environmental stakeholders. Transcript analysis revealed low urgency for MBVs among these stakeholders as an underlying reason for their underrepresentation in the MBV interaction network. Analysis and visualisation of the networks for the other two themes (“healthy living environment” and “(zoonotic) infectious diseases”) did show multiple connections with environmental and regional/local stakeholders. Conclusions The underrepresentation of the environment domain, regional and local stakeholders in the MBV preparedness and response network underlines the remaining challenge of including all relevant stakeholders. We recommend utilising existing collaborations, identified in this study, and central stakeholders to overcome these bottlenecks.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21539-4Preparedness and responseVector-borne diseasesOne healthInter-sectoral collaborationStakeholder networkSocial network analysis |
| spellingShingle | Pauline A. de Best H. Broekhuizen R. S. Sikkema M. P. G. Koopmans A. Timen One Health preparedness and response for mosquito-borne viruses: a stakeholder- and social network-analysis in the Netherlands BMC Public Health Preparedness and response Vector-borne diseases One health Inter-sectoral collaboration Stakeholder network Social network analysis |
| title | One Health preparedness and response for mosquito-borne viruses: a stakeholder- and social network-analysis in the Netherlands |
| title_full | One Health preparedness and response for mosquito-borne viruses: a stakeholder- and social network-analysis in the Netherlands |
| title_fullStr | One Health preparedness and response for mosquito-borne viruses: a stakeholder- and social network-analysis in the Netherlands |
| title_full_unstemmed | One Health preparedness and response for mosquito-borne viruses: a stakeholder- and social network-analysis in the Netherlands |
| title_short | One Health preparedness and response for mosquito-borne viruses: a stakeholder- and social network-analysis in the Netherlands |
| title_sort | one health preparedness and response for mosquito borne viruses a stakeholder and social network analysis in the netherlands |
| topic | Preparedness and response Vector-borne diseases One health Inter-sectoral collaboration Stakeholder network Social network analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21539-4 |
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