COVID-19 clinical phenotypes in vaccinated and nonvaccinated solid organ transplant recipients: a multicenter validation study

COVID-19 clinical phenotypes in vaccinated and nonvaccinated solid organ transplant recipients: a multicenter validation study

Abstract Clinical phenotypes of COVID-19, associated with mortality risk, have been identified in the general population. The present study assesses their applicability in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) hospital-admitted by COVID-19. In a cohort of 488 SOTR, nonvaccinated (n = 394) and vac...

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Main Authors: Carmen Infante-Domínguez, Sonsoles Salto-Alejandre, Rocío Álvarez-Marín, Nuria Sabé, Antonio Ramos-Martínez, Asunción Moreno, Kamilla Ferreira de Moraes, Zaira R. Palacios-Baena, Patricia Muñoz, Mario Fernández-Ruiz, Marino Blanes, Carmen Fariñas, Elisa Vidal, Esperanza Merino de Lucas, Márcia Halpern, Román Hernández-Gallego, Matteo Bassetti, Alessandra Mularoni, Alex Gutiérrez-Dalmau, Matteo Rinaldi, Silvia Jiménez-Jorge, Marta Bodro, Luis Fernando Aranha-Camargo, Maricela Valerio, Javier Sánchez-Céspedes, Belén Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Maddalena Giannella, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Jerónimo Pachón, Elisa Cordero, The COVIDSOT, ORCHESTRA Working Teams
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-12-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Solid organ transplant recipients
COVID-19
Clinical phenotypes
Mortality
Multicenter cohort study
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-81099-2
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Summary:Abstract Clinical phenotypes of COVID-19, associated with mortality risk, have been identified in the general population. The present study assesses their applicability in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) hospital-admitted by COVID-19. In a cohort of 488 SOTR, nonvaccinated (n = 394) and vaccinated (n = 94) against SARS-CoV-2, we evaluated 16 demographic, clinical, analytical, and radiological variables to identify the clinical phenotypes A, B, and C. The median age was 61.0 (51–69) years, 330 (67.6%) and 158 (32.4%) were men and women, respectively, 415 (85%) had pneumonia, and 161 (33%) had SpO2 < 95% at admission. All-cause mortality occurred in 105 (21.5%) cases. It was higher in nonvaccinated versus vaccinated SOTR (23.4% vs 13.8%, P = 0.04). Patients in the entire cohort were classified into phenotypes A (n = 149, 30.5%), B (n = 187, 38.3%), and C (n = 152, 31.1%), with mortality rates of 8.7%, 16.6%, and 40.1%, respectively, which were similar to those of nonvaccinated SOTR (9.5%, 16.7%, and 52.0%) and lower in vaccinated SOTR (4.4%, 15.8%, and 17.3%, respectively), with difference between nonvaccinated and vaccinated in the phenotype C (P < 0.001). In conclusion, COVID-19 clinical phenotypes are useful in SOTR, and all-cause mortality decreases in vaccinated patients.
ISSN:2045-2322

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