Evaluation of an Alternative Screening Method for Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic (DIABECOVID STUDY): An Observational Cohort Study
<b>Background:</b> To evaluate the impact of applying alternative diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during the COVID-19 pandemic on GDM prevalence, obstetrical and perinatal outcomes, and costs, as compared to the standard diagnostic method. <b>Methods:<...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Alba Casellas Cristina Martínez Judit Amigó Roser Ferrer Laia Martí Carme Merced Maria Carmen Medina Istria Molinero Marta Calveiro Anna Maroto Ester del Barco Elena Carreras Maria Goya |
| author_facet | Alba Casellas Cristina Martínez Judit Amigó Roser Ferrer Laia Martí Carme Merced Maria Carmen Medina Istria Molinero Marta Calveiro Anna Maroto Ester del Barco Elena Carreras Maria Goya |
| author_sort | Alba Casellas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> To evaluate the impact of applying alternative diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during the COVID-19 pandemic on GDM prevalence, obstetrical and perinatal outcomes, and costs, as compared to the standard diagnostic method. <b>Methods:</b> A cohort of pregnant individuals undergoing GMD screening with the alternative GDM method, which uses plasma glucose (fasting or non-fasting) and HbA1c, was compared with a cohort of pregnant individuals undergoing the standard GDM screening method. Both cohorts were obtained from six hospitals across Catalonia, Spain, from April 2020 to April 2022. The primary outcome was large for gestational age rate at birth. The secondary outcomes were composite adverse outcomes, including pregnancy complications, delivery complications, and neonatal complications. The cost differences between screening methods were also evaluated. A similar analysis was performed in the subgroup diagnosed with GDM. <b>Results:</b> Data were collected from 1543 pregnant individuals in the standard screening group and 2197 in the alternative screening group. The standard screening group had a higher GDM diagnostic rate than the alternative screening group (10.8% vs. 6.9%, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The primary outcome (large for gestational age rate) was similar between groups: 200/1543 (13.0%) vs. 303/2197 (13.8%). The adjusted OR for this outcome was 1.74 (95% CI: 0.74–4.10). An adjusted analysis showed no differences between groups in the composite adverse outcomes for pregnancy complications (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.91–1.36), delivery complications (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.75–1.19), and neonatal complications (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.94–1.75). Among individuals diagnosed with GDM, the large for gestational age rate was similar between groups: 13/166 (7.8%) vs. 15/151 (9.9%). The OR adjusted for this outcome was 1.24 (95% CI: 0.51–3.09). An adjusted analysis showed no differences in the composite adverse outcomes for pregnancy complications (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 0.84–2.98), delivery complications (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.63–2.35), and neonatal complications (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 0.61–3.04). The mean cost (which included expenses for consumables, equipment, and personnel) of the alternative screening method was 46.0 euros (22.3 SD), as compared to 85.6 euros (67.5 SD) for the standard screening method. <b>Conclusions:</b> In this Spanish population during the COVID-19 pandemic, GDM prevalence was lower in the alternative screening group than in the standard screening group. After adjusting for GDM risk factors, outcomes related to obstetrics, delivery, and neonatal complications were comparable between both groups. Finally, the alternative screening method was cheaper than the standard screening method. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ed623acf8ea349d291805bfd2c7eb818 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj-art-ed623acf8ea349d291805bfd2c7eb8182025-01-24T13:29:03ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182025-01-0115218910.3390/diagnostics15020189Evaluation of an Alternative Screening Method for Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic (DIABECOVID STUDY): An Observational Cohort StudyAlba Casellas0Cristina Martínez1Judit Amigó2Roser Ferrer3Laia Martí4Carme Merced5Maria Carmen Medina6Istria Molinero7Marta Calveiro8Anna Maroto9Ester del Barco10Elena Carreras11Maria Goya12Maternal-Foetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainSexual and Reproductive Health Services, Catalan Institute of Health, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, 08208 Sabadell, SpainDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Consorci Hospitalari de Vic, 08500 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de la Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital De Igualada, 08700 Barcelona, SpainAtenció a la Salut Sexual i Reproductiva (ASSIR) Muntanya, 08035 Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, SpainMaternal-Foetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainMaternal-Foetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainMaternal-Foetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain<b>Background:</b> To evaluate the impact of applying alternative diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during the COVID-19 pandemic on GDM prevalence, obstetrical and perinatal outcomes, and costs, as compared to the standard diagnostic method. <b>Methods:</b> A cohort of pregnant individuals undergoing GMD screening with the alternative GDM method, which uses plasma glucose (fasting or non-fasting) and HbA1c, was compared with a cohort of pregnant individuals undergoing the standard GDM screening method. Both cohorts were obtained from six hospitals across Catalonia, Spain, from April 2020 to April 2022. The primary outcome was large for gestational age rate at birth. The secondary outcomes were composite adverse outcomes, including pregnancy complications, delivery complications, and neonatal complications. The cost differences between screening methods were also evaluated. A similar analysis was performed in the subgroup diagnosed with GDM. <b>Results:</b> Data were collected from 1543 pregnant individuals in the standard screening group and 2197 in the alternative screening group. The standard screening group had a higher GDM diagnostic rate than the alternative screening group (10.8% vs. 6.9%, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The primary outcome (large for gestational age rate) was similar between groups: 200/1543 (13.0%) vs. 303/2197 (13.8%). The adjusted OR for this outcome was 1.74 (95% CI: 0.74–4.10). An adjusted analysis showed no differences between groups in the composite adverse outcomes for pregnancy complications (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 0.91–1.36), delivery complications (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.75–1.19), and neonatal complications (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.94–1.75). Among individuals diagnosed with GDM, the large for gestational age rate was similar between groups: 13/166 (7.8%) vs. 15/151 (9.9%). The OR adjusted for this outcome was 1.24 (95% CI: 0.51–3.09). An adjusted analysis showed no differences in the composite adverse outcomes for pregnancy complications (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 0.84–2.98), delivery complications (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.63–2.35), and neonatal complications (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 0.61–3.04). The mean cost (which included expenses for consumables, equipment, and personnel) of the alternative screening method was 46.0 euros (22.3 SD), as compared to 85.6 euros (67.5 SD) for the standard screening method. <b>Conclusions:</b> In this Spanish population during the COVID-19 pandemic, GDM prevalence was lower in the alternative screening group than in the standard screening group. After adjusting for GDM risk factors, outcomes related to obstetrics, delivery, and neonatal complications were comparable between both groups. Finally, the alternative screening method was cheaper than the standard screening method.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/2/189gestational diabetesCOVID-19O’SullivanOGTTglucose levelglycated hemoglobin |
| spellingShingle | Alba Casellas Cristina Martínez Judit Amigó Roser Ferrer Laia Martí Carme Merced Maria Carmen Medina Istria Molinero Marta Calveiro Anna Maroto Ester del Barco Elena Carreras Maria Goya Evaluation of an Alternative Screening Method for Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic (DIABECOVID STUDY): An Observational Cohort Study Diagnostics gestational diabetes COVID-19 O’Sullivan OGTT glucose level glycated hemoglobin |
| title | Evaluation of an Alternative Screening Method for Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic (DIABECOVID STUDY): An Observational Cohort Study |
| title_full | Evaluation of an Alternative Screening Method for Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic (DIABECOVID STUDY): An Observational Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of an Alternative Screening Method for Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic (DIABECOVID STUDY): An Observational Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of an Alternative Screening Method for Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic (DIABECOVID STUDY): An Observational Cohort Study |
| title_short | Evaluation of an Alternative Screening Method for Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis During the COVID-19 Pandemic (DIABECOVID STUDY): An Observational Cohort Study |
| title_sort | evaluation of an alternative screening method for gestational diabetes diagnosis during the covid 19 pandemic diabecovid study an observational cohort study |
| topic | gestational diabetes COVID-19 O’Sullivan OGTT glucose level glycated hemoglobin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/15/2/189 |
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