Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly
We obtain constraints in a 12 parameter cosmological model using the recent Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Data Release (DR) 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data, combined with cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra (Planck Public Release, PR, 4) and lensing (Planck PR4 + Atacama...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ade1cc |
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| author | Shouvik Roy Choudhury |
| author_facet | Shouvik Roy Choudhury |
| author_sort | Shouvik Roy Choudhury |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We obtain constraints in a 12 parameter cosmological model using the recent Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Data Release (DR) 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data, combined with cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra (Planck Public Release, PR, 4) and lensing (Planck PR4 + Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR 6) data, uncalibrated Type Ia supernovae (SNe) data from Pantheon+ and Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 5 (DESY5) samples, and Weak Lensing (WL; DES Year 1) data. The cosmological model consists of six Λ cold dark matter parameters and additionally, the dynamical dark energy parameters ( w _0 , w _a ), the sum of neutrino masses (∑ m _ν ), the effective number of non-photon radiation species ( N _eff ), the scaling of the lensing amplitude ( A _lens ), and the running of the scalar spectral index ( α _s ). Our major findings are the following: (i) With CMB+BAO+DESY5+WL, we obtain the first 2 σ + detection of a non-zero $\sum {m}_{\nu }=0.1{9}_{-0.18}^{+0.15}$ eV (95%). Replacing DESY5 with Pantheon+ still yields a ∼1.9 σ detection. (ii) The cosmological constant lies at the edge of the 95% contour with CMB+BAO+Pantheon+ but is excluded at 2 σ + with DESY5, leaving evidence for dynamical dark energy data-set dependent and inconclusive. (iii) With CMB+BAO+SNe+WL, A _lens = 1 is excluded at >2 σ , while it remains consistent with unity without WL data—suggesting that the existence of lensing anomaly with Planck PR4 likelihoods may depend on non-CMB data sets. (iv) The Hubble tension persists at 3.6 σ –4.2 σ with CMB+BAO+SNe; WL data have minimal impact. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ec6ff04a62d44d5bb23d1451fe2fa5eb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2041-8205 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-ec6ff04a62d44d5bb23d1451fe2fa5eb2025-08-20T02:09:24ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052025-01-019862L3110.3847/2041-8213/ade1ccCosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing AnomalyShouvik Roy Choudhury0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5589-3454Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics , Academia Sinica, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106319, Taiwan ; sroy@asiaa.sinica.edu.twWe obtain constraints in a 12 parameter cosmological model using the recent Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Data Release (DR) 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data, combined with cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra (Planck Public Release, PR, 4) and lensing (Planck PR4 + Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR 6) data, uncalibrated Type Ia supernovae (SNe) data from Pantheon+ and Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 5 (DESY5) samples, and Weak Lensing (WL; DES Year 1) data. The cosmological model consists of six Λ cold dark matter parameters and additionally, the dynamical dark energy parameters ( w _0 , w _a ), the sum of neutrino masses (∑ m _ν ), the effective number of non-photon radiation species ( N _eff ), the scaling of the lensing amplitude ( A _lens ), and the running of the scalar spectral index ( α _s ). Our major findings are the following: (i) With CMB+BAO+DESY5+WL, we obtain the first 2 σ + detection of a non-zero $\sum {m}_{\nu }=0.1{9}_{-0.18}^{+0.15}$ eV (95%). Replacing DESY5 with Pantheon+ still yields a ∼1.9 σ detection. (ii) The cosmological constant lies at the edge of the 95% contour with CMB+BAO+Pantheon+ but is excluded at 2 σ + with DESY5, leaving evidence for dynamical dark energy data-set dependent and inconclusive. (iii) With CMB+BAO+SNe+WL, A _lens = 1 is excluded at >2 σ , while it remains consistent with unity without WL data—suggesting that the existence of lensing anomaly with Planck PR4 likelihoods may depend on non-CMB data sets. (iv) The Hubble tension persists at 3.6 σ –4.2 σ with CMB+BAO+SNe; WL data have minimal impact.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ade1ccCosmological neutrinosDark energyCosmic microwave background radiationHubble constantNeutrino massesBaryon acoustic oscillations |
| spellingShingle | Shouvik Roy Choudhury Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly The Astrophysical Journal Letters Cosmological neutrinos Dark energy Cosmic microwave background radiation Hubble constant Neutrino masses Baryon acoustic oscillations |
| title | Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly |
| title_full | Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly |
| title_fullStr | Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly |
| title_short | Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2σ+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly |
| title_sort | cosmology in extended parameter space with desi data release 2 baryon acoustic oscillations a 2σ detection of nonzero neutrino masses with an update on dynamical dark energy and lensing anomaly |
| topic | Cosmological neutrinos Dark energy Cosmic microwave background radiation Hubble constant Neutrino masses Baryon acoustic oscillations |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ade1cc |
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