Comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council members
Abstract Background Understanding the determinants of life expectancy (LE) is essential for effective policy planning and enhancing public health in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. This study aims to elucidate the complex interactions among sociodemographic (SD), macroeconomic (ME), an...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21296-4 |
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| author | Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda Abdulaziz Al-Mahrezi Mohammed Al-Azri Moon Fai Chan |
| author_facet | Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda Abdulaziz Al-Mahrezi Mohammed Al-Azri Moon Fai Chan |
| author_sort | Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Understanding the determinants of life expectancy (LE) is essential for effective policy planning and enhancing public health in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. This study aims to elucidate the complex interactions among sociodemographic (SD), macroeconomic (ME), and health resource (HR) factors that influence LE among the GCC countries. Methods We employed a Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling to develop a comparative model across six GCC countries using annual data from 1990 to 2020. The pairwise comparison utilized Partial Least Squares Multi-Group Analysis, allowing us to examine the differences of SD, ME, and HR influences on LE among the GCC countries. Results Our analysis highlighted that HR and ME factors directly impact LE across all GCC countries examined. We observed significant mediation effects where SD factors influenced ME or HR, affecting LE. Notably, the final pairwise comparisons revealed that the impact of SD on LE was particularly significant, with effect sizes ranging from 0.2679 (p = 0.0018) in the Oman-Kuwait comparison to 0.6686 (p < 0.0001) in the Emirate-Saudi comparison. Furthermore, while HR and ME factors consistently influenced LE in each model, the differences in their impacts across the six countries did not show significant variations between each pairing. Conclusions Generally, the findings highlight the critical need for GCC countries to strengthen the integrated framework of SD, ME, and HR factors rather than relying solely on HR improvements. Specifically, the findings highlight the importance of tailoring health policies to address specific sociodemographic contexts within the GCC to enhance LE effectively. The insights gained from our model could significantly inform targeted health policy initiatives and provide a valuable reference for future research in similar settings. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ec3b493d671a4d62a007ee7b21128e39 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-ec3b493d671a4d62a007ee7b21128e392025-01-19T12:41:30ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111210.1186/s12889-025-21296-4Comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council membersAnak Agung Bagus Wirayuda0Abdulaziz Al-Mahrezi1Mohammed Al-Azri2Moon Fai Chan3Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos UniversityDirector General, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos UniversityDepartment of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos UniversityAbstract Background Understanding the determinants of life expectancy (LE) is essential for effective policy planning and enhancing public health in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. This study aims to elucidate the complex interactions among sociodemographic (SD), macroeconomic (ME), and health resource (HR) factors that influence LE among the GCC countries. Methods We employed a Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling to develop a comparative model across six GCC countries using annual data from 1990 to 2020. The pairwise comparison utilized Partial Least Squares Multi-Group Analysis, allowing us to examine the differences of SD, ME, and HR influences on LE among the GCC countries. Results Our analysis highlighted that HR and ME factors directly impact LE across all GCC countries examined. We observed significant mediation effects where SD factors influenced ME or HR, affecting LE. Notably, the final pairwise comparisons revealed that the impact of SD on LE was particularly significant, with effect sizes ranging from 0.2679 (p = 0.0018) in the Oman-Kuwait comparison to 0.6686 (p < 0.0001) in the Emirate-Saudi comparison. Furthermore, while HR and ME factors consistently influenced LE in each model, the differences in their impacts across the six countries did not show significant variations between each pairing. Conclusions Generally, the findings highlight the critical need for GCC countries to strengthen the integrated framework of SD, ME, and HR factors rather than relying solely on HR improvements. Specifically, the findings highlight the importance of tailoring health policies to address specific sociodemographic contexts within the GCC to enhance LE effectively. The insights gained from our model could significantly inform targeted health policy initiatives and provide a valuable reference for future research in similar settings.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21296-4Life expectancyMacroeconomicGulf Cooperation Council; Sociodemographic; Health Resources; Structural Equation Model |
| spellingShingle | Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda Abdulaziz Al-Mahrezi Mohammed Al-Azri Moon Fai Chan Comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council members BMC Public Health Life expectancy Macroeconomic Gulf Cooperation Council; Sociodemographic; Health Resources; Structural Equation Model |
| title | Comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council members |
| title_full | Comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council members |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council members |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council members |
| title_short | Comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council members |
| title_sort | comparison of life expectancy determinants among gulf cooperation council members |
| topic | Life expectancy Macroeconomic Gulf Cooperation Council; Sociodemographic; Health Resources; Structural Equation Model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21296-4 |
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