Picomolar Detection of Tau Protein Using 1D Photonic Crystal Biochips for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis
Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that gradually impairs all cognitive functions. The diagnosis typically requires a combination of cognitive assessments, neuroimaging techniques, and biomarker analysis. In healthy neurons, Tau protein stabilizes microtubu...
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Wiley-VCH
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Advanced Sensor Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/adsr.202400164 |
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| author | Alberto Sinibaldi Francesco Chiavaioli Agostino Occhicone Norbert Danz Peter Munzert Francesco Baldini Ambra Giannetti Francesco Michelotti |
| author_facet | Alberto Sinibaldi Francesco Chiavaioli Agostino Occhicone Norbert Danz Peter Munzert Francesco Baldini Ambra Giannetti Francesco Michelotti |
| author_sort | Alberto Sinibaldi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that gradually impairs all cognitive functions. The diagnosis typically requires a combination of cognitive assessments, neuroimaging techniques, and biomarker analysis. In healthy neurons, Tau protein stabilizes microtubules, which are vital for maintaining the structure and proper functioning of nerve cells. However, elevated levels of Tau in cerebrospinal or other body fluids can be related to the progression of Alzheimer's disease. This study introduces an optical technique that employs a dual label‐free and fluorescence operation mode to detect Tau protein in both standard running buffer and cerebrospinal fluid. This innovative method enables label‐free analysis of the bio‐conjugation process on biochips used for resolved fluorescence‐based Tau detection. This work successfully demonstrates Tau protein detection in both matrixes, achieving an outstanding limit of detection of 2.4 pM in cerebrospinal fluid. Moreover, the analysis of the dose‐response curve allows to estimate the dissociation constant (KD = 18 nM) for Tau interactions, yielding values that are in excellent agreement with existing literature using other techniques. These aspects highlight the added value of this technique, providing a valuable tool for investigating Alzheimer's‐related biomarkers, as demonstrated in this study with Tau protein. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ec00659b66594946a2fbcd6d9be428ba |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2751-1219 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Sensor Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-ec00659b66594946a2fbcd6d9be428ba2025-08-20T02:14:22ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Sensor Research2751-12192025-05-0145n/an/a10.1002/adsr.202400164Picomolar Detection of Tau Protein Using 1D Photonic Crystal Biochips for Alzheimer's Disease DiagnosisAlberto Sinibaldi0Francesco Chiavaioli1Agostino Occhicone2Norbert Danz3Peter Munzert4Francesco Baldini5Ambra Giannetti6Francesco Michelotti7Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Via A. Scarpa 16 Rome 00161 ItalyInstitute of Applied Physics “Nello Carrara” (IFAC) National Research Council of Italy (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze 50019 ItalyDepartment of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Via A. Scarpa 16 Rome 00161 ItalyFraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering A.‐Einstein‐Str. 7 07745 Jena GermanyFraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering A.‐Einstein‐Str. 7 07745 Jena GermanyInstitute of Applied Physics “Nello Carrara” (IFAC) National Research Council of Italy (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze 50019 ItalyInstitute of Applied Physics “Nello Carrara” (IFAC) National Research Council of Italy (CNR) Via Madonna del Piano 10 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze 50019 ItalyDepartment of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Via A. Scarpa 16 Rome 00161 ItalyAbstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that gradually impairs all cognitive functions. The diagnosis typically requires a combination of cognitive assessments, neuroimaging techniques, and biomarker analysis. In healthy neurons, Tau protein stabilizes microtubules, which are vital for maintaining the structure and proper functioning of nerve cells. However, elevated levels of Tau in cerebrospinal or other body fluids can be related to the progression of Alzheimer's disease. This study introduces an optical technique that employs a dual label‐free and fluorescence operation mode to detect Tau protein in both standard running buffer and cerebrospinal fluid. This innovative method enables label‐free analysis of the bio‐conjugation process on biochips used for resolved fluorescence‐based Tau detection. This work successfully demonstrates Tau protein detection in both matrixes, achieving an outstanding limit of detection of 2.4 pM in cerebrospinal fluid. Moreover, the analysis of the dose‐response curve allows to estimate the dissociation constant (KD = 18 nM) for Tau interactions, yielding values that are in excellent agreement with existing literature using other techniques. These aspects highlight the added value of this technique, providing a valuable tool for investigating Alzheimer's‐related biomarkers, as demonstrated in this study with Tau protein.https://doi.org/10.1002/adsr.2024001641D photonic crystalsAlzheimer's diseasebiophotonic platformcerebrospinal fluidtau protein |
| spellingShingle | Alberto Sinibaldi Francesco Chiavaioli Agostino Occhicone Norbert Danz Peter Munzert Francesco Baldini Ambra Giannetti Francesco Michelotti Picomolar Detection of Tau Protein Using 1D Photonic Crystal Biochips for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis Advanced Sensor Research 1D photonic crystals Alzheimer's disease biophotonic platform cerebrospinal fluid tau protein |
| title | Picomolar Detection of Tau Protein Using 1D Photonic Crystal Biochips for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis |
| title_full | Picomolar Detection of Tau Protein Using 1D Photonic Crystal Biochips for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis |
| title_fullStr | Picomolar Detection of Tau Protein Using 1D Photonic Crystal Biochips for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Picomolar Detection of Tau Protein Using 1D Photonic Crystal Biochips for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis |
| title_short | Picomolar Detection of Tau Protein Using 1D Photonic Crystal Biochips for Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis |
| title_sort | picomolar detection of tau protein using 1d photonic crystal biochips for alzheimer s disease diagnosis |
| topic | 1D photonic crystals Alzheimer's disease biophotonic platform cerebrospinal fluid tau protein |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/adsr.202400164 |
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