CBD promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

IntroductionMarijuana use is associated with HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, cannabinoid use continues to increase in the US general population for recreational purposes as well as in cancer patients for palliative care. In this study, we explored the role of can...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Prakriti Sen, Sayed Sadat, Koji Ebisumoto, Riyam Al-Msari, Sayuri Miyauchi, Souvick Roy, Pardis Mohammadzadeh, Kristin Lips, Takuya Nakagawa, Robert Saddawi-Konefka, Andrew B. Sharabi, Joseph A. Califano
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1528520/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850153538661908480
author Prakriti Sen
Prakriti Sen
Sayed Sadat
Sayed Sadat
Koji Ebisumoto
Koji Ebisumoto
Riyam Al-Msari
Riyam Al-Msari
Sayuri Miyauchi
Souvick Roy
Pardis Mohammadzadeh
Pardis Mohammadzadeh
Kristin Lips
Kristin Lips
Takuya Nakagawa
Takuya Nakagawa
Robert Saddawi-Konefka
Andrew B. Sharabi
Joseph A. Califano
Joseph A. Califano
author_facet Prakriti Sen
Prakriti Sen
Sayed Sadat
Sayed Sadat
Koji Ebisumoto
Koji Ebisumoto
Riyam Al-Msari
Riyam Al-Msari
Sayuri Miyauchi
Souvick Roy
Pardis Mohammadzadeh
Pardis Mohammadzadeh
Kristin Lips
Kristin Lips
Takuya Nakagawa
Takuya Nakagawa
Robert Saddawi-Konefka
Andrew B. Sharabi
Joseph A. Califano
Joseph A. Califano
author_sort Prakriti Sen
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionMarijuana use is associated with HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, cannabinoid use continues to increase in the US general population for recreational purposes as well as in cancer patients for palliative care. In this study, we explored the role of cannabidiol (CBD) in promoting anti-tumor activity by modulating immune response in HPV-positive HNSCC by using pre-clinical models.MethodsThe anti-proliferative effect of CBD on HPV-positive HNSCC cells was evaluated through BrdU, apoptosis and migration analyses, followed by western blot analysis to assess its role in activating the MAPK pathway. Next, the anti-tumor immune response of CBD was evaluated in immunocompetent syngeneic mouse as well as in immune-deficient B6.129S7-Rag1tm1Mom/J or Rag 1 Knockout mice (Rag1 -/-) and athymic nude mouse. Immune cell infiltration was measured by flow cytometry, IHC and multiplex IHC analysis after subcutaneous injection of mEER cells. Furthermore, the anti-tumor activity of CBD on the tumor microenvironment was evaluated after the depletion of CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells in murine models.ResultsWe observed CBD treatment inhibited cell proliferation and migration by promoting apoptosis in HPV-positive HNSCC cells through activation of the MAPK pathway and its associated markers like ERK1/2, JNK/SAPK and MK2. CBD significantly inhibited tumor growth in immunocompetent mice but had no effect in immune-deficient models, indicating an immune-dependent mechanism. CBD enhanced infiltration of CD4+T and CD8+T cells, CD19+B cells, NK cells, and M1-like macrophages into the primary tumors of immunocompetent syngeneic mice models, implicating an enhanced anti-tumor immune response. Interestingly, we observed a significant increase in tumor volume in CD4-depleted mice treated with CBD as compared to CBD-treated wild-type mice suggesting the importance of CD4+T cells in CBD-mediated anti-tumor activity. Finally, multiplex IHC analysis demonstrated co-localization of CD4+T and CD8+ T cells with the activated MAPK marker phospho-p38 in CBD-treated tumors.DiscussionCBD inhibits tumor cell proliferation in HPV-positive HNSCC by activating the MAPK pathway. It also enhances anti-tumor activity by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment, promoting co-localization of p38 MAPK-activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
format Article
id doaj-art-ebeb7e31df2a43e089f557a2835df32f
institution OA Journals
issn 1664-3224
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Immunology
spelling doaj-art-ebeb7e31df2a43e089f557a2835df32f2025-08-20T02:25:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-05-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15285201528520CBD promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinomaPrakriti Sen0Prakriti Sen1Sayed Sadat2Sayed Sadat3Koji Ebisumoto4Koji Ebisumoto5Riyam Al-Msari6Riyam Al-Msari7Sayuri Miyauchi8Souvick Roy9Pardis Mohammadzadeh10Pardis Mohammadzadeh11Kristin Lips12Kristin Lips13Takuya Nakagawa14Takuya Nakagawa15Robert Saddawi-Konefka16Andrew B. Sharabi17Joseph A. Califano18Joseph A. Califano19Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesGleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesGleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesGleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesGleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesGleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesGleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesGleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United StatesDepartment of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, United StatesIntroductionMarijuana use is associated with HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, cannabinoid use continues to increase in the US general population for recreational purposes as well as in cancer patients for palliative care. In this study, we explored the role of cannabidiol (CBD) in promoting anti-tumor activity by modulating immune response in HPV-positive HNSCC by using pre-clinical models.MethodsThe anti-proliferative effect of CBD on HPV-positive HNSCC cells was evaluated through BrdU, apoptosis and migration analyses, followed by western blot analysis to assess its role in activating the MAPK pathway. Next, the anti-tumor immune response of CBD was evaluated in immunocompetent syngeneic mouse as well as in immune-deficient B6.129S7-Rag1tm1Mom/J or Rag 1 Knockout mice (Rag1 -/-) and athymic nude mouse. Immune cell infiltration was measured by flow cytometry, IHC and multiplex IHC analysis after subcutaneous injection of mEER cells. Furthermore, the anti-tumor activity of CBD on the tumor microenvironment was evaluated after the depletion of CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells in murine models.ResultsWe observed CBD treatment inhibited cell proliferation and migration by promoting apoptosis in HPV-positive HNSCC cells through activation of the MAPK pathway and its associated markers like ERK1/2, JNK/SAPK and MK2. CBD significantly inhibited tumor growth in immunocompetent mice but had no effect in immune-deficient models, indicating an immune-dependent mechanism. CBD enhanced infiltration of CD4+T and CD8+T cells, CD19+B cells, NK cells, and M1-like macrophages into the primary tumors of immunocompetent syngeneic mice models, implicating an enhanced anti-tumor immune response. Interestingly, we observed a significant increase in tumor volume in CD4-depleted mice treated with CBD as compared to CBD-treated wild-type mice suggesting the importance of CD4+T cells in CBD-mediated anti-tumor activity. Finally, multiplex IHC analysis demonstrated co-localization of CD4+T and CD8+ T cells with the activated MAPK marker phospho-p38 in CBD-treated tumors.DiscussionCBD inhibits tumor cell proliferation in HPV-positive HNSCC by activating the MAPK pathway. It also enhances anti-tumor activity by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment, promoting co-localization of p38 MAPK-activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1528520/fullHPV-positive HNSCCcannabinoidMAPKCD4+T cellsCD8+T cellsanti-tumor immune response
spellingShingle Prakriti Sen
Prakriti Sen
Sayed Sadat
Sayed Sadat
Koji Ebisumoto
Koji Ebisumoto
Riyam Al-Msari
Riyam Al-Msari
Sayuri Miyauchi
Souvick Roy
Pardis Mohammadzadeh
Pardis Mohammadzadeh
Kristin Lips
Kristin Lips
Takuya Nakagawa
Takuya Nakagawa
Robert Saddawi-Konefka
Andrew B. Sharabi
Joseph A. Califano
Joseph A. Califano
CBD promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Frontiers in Immunology
HPV-positive HNSCC
cannabinoid
MAPK
CD4+T cells
CD8+T cells
anti-tumor immune response
title CBD promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
title_full CBD promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
title_fullStr CBD promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed CBD promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
title_short CBD promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
title_sort cbd promotes antitumor activity by modulating tumor immune microenvironment in hpv associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
topic HPV-positive HNSCC
cannabinoid
MAPK
CD4+T cells
CD8+T cells
anti-tumor immune response
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1528520/full
work_keys_str_mv AT prakritisen cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT prakritisen cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT sayedsadat cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT sayedsadat cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT kojiebisumoto cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT kojiebisumoto cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT riyamalmsari cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT riyamalmsari cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT sayurimiyauchi cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT souvickroy cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT pardismohammadzadeh cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT pardismohammadzadeh cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT kristinlips cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT kristinlips cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT takuyanakagawa cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT takuyanakagawa cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT robertsaddawikonefka cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT andrewbsharabi cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT josephacalifano cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma
AT josephacalifano cbdpromotesantitumoractivitybymodulatingtumorimmunemicroenvironmentinhpvassociatedheadandnecksquamouscellcarcinoma