Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China
Background: Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to visual impairment. Nevertheless, evidence associating PM2.5 constituents with visual impairment in schoolchildren is sparse. Objectives: To explore the effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents on visual imp...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025000212 |
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| author | Jia-Hui Li Hui-Xian Zeng Jing Wei Qi-Zhen Wu Shuang-Jian Qin Qing-Guo Zeng Bin Zhao Guang-Hui Dong Ji-Chuan Shen Xiao-Wen Zeng |
| author_facet | Jia-Hui Li Hui-Xian Zeng Jing Wei Qi-Zhen Wu Shuang-Jian Qin Qing-Guo Zeng Bin Zhao Guang-Hui Dong Ji-Chuan Shen Xiao-Wen Zeng |
| author_sort | Jia-Hui Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to visual impairment. Nevertheless, evidence associating PM2.5 constituents with visual impairment in schoolchildren is sparse. Objectives: To explore the effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents on visual impairment. Methods: We conducted a large cross-sectional population-based study to recruit 59,054 schoolchildren from four cities in Guangdong province, China, and used the ChinaHighAirPollutants (CHAP) dataset to estimate 3-year average concentrations of PM2.5 and its constituents (black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), nitrate (NO3–), sulfate (SO42−) and ammonium (NH4+)) based on individuals’ home addresses. Visual acuity was measured with a standardized logarithmic chart, and visual impairment was defined as visual acuity below 4.9 (Snellen 5/6 equivalent) in at least one eye. We utilized generalized linear mixed models and weighted quantile sum regression to assess the association between PM2.5 constituents and visual impairment. Results: The observed associations typically displayed a nonlinear pattern. Compared to the lowest quartile of PM2.5 and its constituents, the fourth quartile was associated with higher odds of visual impairment in schoolchildren (e.g., the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.33) for PM2.5, 1.53 (95% CI: 1.40, 1.67) for OM, and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.27, 1.44) for BC), respectively. Similarly, joint exposure to PM2.5 constituents was associated with visual impairment (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.22), while BC and OM contributed more to the observed associations. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents was significantly associated with higher rates of visual impairment in schoolchildren, with combustion-related BC and OM potentially driving the observed associations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eb18d5ca75cd4b47b43ffaf566157407 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj-art-eb18d5ca75cd4b47b43ffaf5661574072025-01-24T04:44:18ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202025-01-01195109270Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, ChinaJia-Hui Li0Hui-Xian Zeng1Jing Wei2Qi-Zhen Wu3Shuang-Jian Qin4Qing-Guo Zeng5Bin Zhao6Guang-Hui Dong7Ji-Chuan Shen8Xiao-Wen Zeng9Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080 ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080 ChinaDepartment of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa Technology Institute, Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USAJoint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080 ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080 ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080 ChinaState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, ChinaJoint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080 ChinaGuangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440 Guangdong, China; Corresponding author at: Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China.Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080 China; Corresponding author at: Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.Background: Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to visual impairment. Nevertheless, evidence associating PM2.5 constituents with visual impairment in schoolchildren is sparse. Objectives: To explore the effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents on visual impairment. Methods: We conducted a large cross-sectional population-based study to recruit 59,054 schoolchildren from four cities in Guangdong province, China, and used the ChinaHighAirPollutants (CHAP) dataset to estimate 3-year average concentrations of PM2.5 and its constituents (black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), nitrate (NO3–), sulfate (SO42−) and ammonium (NH4+)) based on individuals’ home addresses. Visual acuity was measured with a standardized logarithmic chart, and visual impairment was defined as visual acuity below 4.9 (Snellen 5/6 equivalent) in at least one eye. We utilized generalized linear mixed models and weighted quantile sum regression to assess the association between PM2.5 constituents and visual impairment. Results: The observed associations typically displayed a nonlinear pattern. Compared to the lowest quartile of PM2.5 and its constituents, the fourth quartile was associated with higher odds of visual impairment in schoolchildren (e.g., the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.33) for PM2.5, 1.53 (95% CI: 1.40, 1.67) for OM, and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.27, 1.44) for BC), respectively. Similarly, joint exposure to PM2.5 constituents was associated with visual impairment (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.22), while BC and OM contributed more to the observed associations. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents was significantly associated with higher rates of visual impairment in schoolchildren, with combustion-related BC and OM potentially driving the observed associations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025000212PM2.5 constituentsVisual impairmentSchoolchildrenCross-sectional study |
| spellingShingle | Jia-Hui Li Hui-Xian Zeng Jing Wei Qi-Zhen Wu Shuang-Jian Qin Qing-Guo Zeng Bin Zhao Guang-Hui Dong Ji-Chuan Shen Xiao-Wen Zeng Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China Environment International PM2.5 constituents Visual impairment Schoolchildren Cross-sectional study |
| title | Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China |
| title_full | Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China |
| title_fullStr | Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China |
| title_short | Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren: A population-based survey in Guangdong province, China |
| title_sort | long term exposure to pm2 5 and its constituents and visual impairment in schoolchildren a population based survey in guangdong province china |
| topic | PM2.5 constituents Visual impairment Schoolchildren Cross-sectional study |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412025000212 |
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