Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A Review
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass and muscle strength. Declines in skeletal muscle mitochondria are thought to play a primary role in this process. Mitochondria are the major producers of reactive oxygen species, which damage DNA, proteins, and lipids if not rapidly quenche...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Aging Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/194821 |
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| author | Courtney M. Peterson Darcy L. Johannsen Eric Ravussin |
| author_facet | Courtney M. Peterson Darcy L. Johannsen Eric Ravussin |
| author_sort | Courtney M. Peterson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass and muscle strength. Declines in skeletal muscle mitochondria are thought to play a primary role in this process. Mitochondria are the major producers of reactive oxygen species, which damage DNA, proteins, and lipids if not rapidly quenched. Animal and human studies typically show that skeletal muscle mitochondria are altered with aging, including increased mutations in mitochondrial DNA, decreased activity of some mitochondrial enzymes, altered respiration with reduced maximal capacity at least in sedentary individuals, and reduced total mitochondrial content with increased morphological changes. However, there has been much controversy over measurements of mitochondrial energy production, which may largely be explained by differences in approach and by whether physical activity is controlled for. These changes may in turn alter mitochondrial dynamics, such as fusion and fission rates, and mitochondrially induced apoptosis, which may also lead to net muscle fiber loss and age-related sarcopenia. Fortunately, strategies such as exercise and caloric restriction that reduce oxidative damage also improve mitochondrial function. While these strategies may not completely prevent the primary effects of aging, they may help to attenuate the rate of decline. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eab7e34f1af7408a8e6df9a4e42542d8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-2204 2090-2212 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Aging Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-eab7e34f1af7408a8e6df9a4e42542d82025-02-03T07:23:48ZengWileyJournal of Aging Research2090-22042090-22122012-01-01201210.1155/2012/194821194821Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A ReviewCourtney M. Peterson0Darcy L. Johannsen1Eric Ravussin2Department of John S. Mclhenny Skeletal Muscle Physiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USADepartment of John S. Mclhenny Skeletal Muscle Physiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USADepartment of John S. Mclhenny Skeletal Muscle Physiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USAAging is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass and muscle strength. Declines in skeletal muscle mitochondria are thought to play a primary role in this process. Mitochondria are the major producers of reactive oxygen species, which damage DNA, proteins, and lipids if not rapidly quenched. Animal and human studies typically show that skeletal muscle mitochondria are altered with aging, including increased mutations in mitochondrial DNA, decreased activity of some mitochondrial enzymes, altered respiration with reduced maximal capacity at least in sedentary individuals, and reduced total mitochondrial content with increased morphological changes. However, there has been much controversy over measurements of mitochondrial energy production, which may largely be explained by differences in approach and by whether physical activity is controlled for. These changes may in turn alter mitochondrial dynamics, such as fusion and fission rates, and mitochondrially induced apoptosis, which may also lead to net muscle fiber loss and age-related sarcopenia. Fortunately, strategies such as exercise and caloric restriction that reduce oxidative damage also improve mitochondrial function. While these strategies may not completely prevent the primary effects of aging, they may help to attenuate the rate of decline.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/194821 |
| spellingShingle | Courtney M. Peterson Darcy L. Johannsen Eric Ravussin Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A Review Journal of Aging Research |
| title | Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A Review |
| title_full | Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A Review |
| title_short | Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria and Aging: A Review |
| title_sort | skeletal muscle mitochondria and aging a review |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/194821 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT courtneympeterson skeletalmusclemitochondriaandagingareview AT darcyljohannsen skeletalmusclemitochondriaandagingareview AT ericravussin skeletalmusclemitochondriaandagingareview |