Modelling complexity : The limits to prediction
A working definition of a complex system is that of an entity which is coherent in some recognizable way but whose elements, interactions, and dynamics generate structures admitting surprise and novelty which cannot be defined. Complex systems are therefore more than the sum of their parts, and a co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | deu |
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Unité Mixte de Recherche 8504 Géographie-cités
2001-12-01
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| Series: | Cybergeo |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.openedition.org/cybergeo/1035 |
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| _version_ | 1849236699358429184 |
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| author | Michael Batty Paul M. Torrens |
| author_facet | Michael Batty Paul M. Torrens |
| author_sort | Michael Batty |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A working definition of a complex system is that of an entity which is coherent in some recognizable way but whose elements, interactions, and dynamics generate structures admitting surprise and novelty which cannot be defined. Complex systems are therefore more than the sum of their parts, and a consequence of this is that any model of their structure is necessarily incomplete and partial. Models represent simplifications of a system in which salient parts and processes are simulated and given this definition, many models will exist for any particular complex system. In this paper, we explore the impact of complexity in validating models of such systems. We begin with definitions of complexity, complex systems, and models thereof. We identify the key issues as being concerned with the characterization of system equilibrium, system environment, and the way systems and their elements extend and scale. As our perspective on these issues changes, so do our models and this has implications for their testing and validation. We develop these, introducing changes in the meaning of validity posed by the use to which such models are to be put in terms of their users. We draw these ideas together as conclusions about the limits posed to prediction in complex systems. We illustrate our arguments using various examples from the fields of urban systems theory and urban science. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ea8715c1f3ca4bdb9a02c8a7b71f86a6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1278-3366 |
| language | deu |
| publishDate | 2001-12-01 |
| publisher | Unité Mixte de Recherche 8504 Géographie-cités |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cybergeo |
| spelling | doaj-art-ea8715c1f3ca4bdb9a02c8a7b71f86a62025-08-20T04:02:09ZdeuUnité Mixte de Recherche 8504 Géographie-citésCybergeo1278-33662001-12-0110.4000/cybergeo.1035Modelling complexity : The limits to predictionMichael BattyPaul M. TorrensA working definition of a complex system is that of an entity which is coherent in some recognizable way but whose elements, interactions, and dynamics generate structures admitting surprise and novelty which cannot be defined. Complex systems are therefore more than the sum of their parts, and a consequence of this is that any model of their structure is necessarily incomplete and partial. Models represent simplifications of a system in which salient parts and processes are simulated and given this definition, many models will exist for any particular complex system. In this paper, we explore the impact of complexity in validating models of such systems. We begin with definitions of complexity, complex systems, and models thereof. We identify the key issues as being concerned with the characterization of system equilibrium, system environment, and the way systems and their elements extend and scale. As our perspective on these issues changes, so do our models and this has implications for their testing and validation. We develop these, introducing changes in the meaning of validity posed by the use to which such models are to be put in terms of their users. We draw these ideas together as conclusions about the limits posed to prediction in complex systems. We illustrate our arguments using various examples from the fields of urban systems theory and urban science.https://journals.openedition.org/cybergeo/1035urban simulationcellular automatavalidationcomplex systemmulti-agent system |
| spellingShingle | Michael Batty Paul M. Torrens Modelling complexity : The limits to prediction Cybergeo urban simulation cellular automata validation complex system multi-agent system |
| title | Modelling complexity : The limits to prediction |
| title_full | Modelling complexity : The limits to prediction |
| title_fullStr | Modelling complexity : The limits to prediction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modelling complexity : The limits to prediction |
| title_short | Modelling complexity : The limits to prediction |
| title_sort | modelling complexity the limits to prediction |
| topic | urban simulation cellular automata validation complex system multi-agent system |
| url | https://journals.openedition.org/cybergeo/1035 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT michaelbatty modellingcomplexitythelimitstoprediction AT paulmtorrens modellingcomplexitythelimitstoprediction |