KIR2DL2 enhances protective and detrimental HLA class I-mediated immunity in chronic viral infection.

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) influence both innate and adaptive immunity. But while the role of KIRs in NK-mediated innate immunity is well-documented, the impact of KIRs on the T cell response in human disease is not known. Here we test the hypothesis that an individual's K...

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Main Authors: Nafisa-Katrin Seich Al Basatena, Aidan Macnamara, Alison M Vine, Chloe L Thio, Jacquie Astemborski, Koichiro Usuku, Mitsuhiro Osame, Gregory D Kirk, Sharyne M Donfield, James J Goedert, Charles R M Bangham, Mary Carrington, Salim I Khakoo, Becca Asquith
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011-10-01
Series:PLoS Pathogens
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1002270&type=printable
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Summary:Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) influence both innate and adaptive immunity. But while the role of KIRs in NK-mediated innate immunity is well-documented, the impact of KIRs on the T cell response in human disease is not known. Here we test the hypothesis that an individual's KIR genotype affects the efficiency of their HLA class I-mediated antiviral immune response and the outcome of viral infection. We show that, in two unrelated viral infections, hepatitis C virus and human T lymphotropic virus type 1, possession of the KIR2DL2 gene enhanced both protective and detrimental HLA class I-restricted anti-viral immunity. These results reveal a novel role for inhibitory KIRs. We conclude that inhibitory KIRs, in synergy with T cells, are a major determinant of the outcome of persistent viral infection.
ISSN:1553-7366
1553-7374