Increasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua)
Abstract Fisheries and climate warming are two stressors known to induce evolutionary changes in fish life histories. While their independent effects have been well documented, their interactive effects are less charted, although likely important for sustainable fisheries management and conservation...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15394-x |
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| author | Henrik H. Jessen Anders Frugård Opdal Katja Enberg |
| author_facet | Henrik H. Jessen Anders Frugård Opdal Katja Enberg |
| author_sort | Henrik H. Jessen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Fisheries and climate warming are two stressors known to induce evolutionary changes in fish life histories. While their independent effects have been well documented, their interactive effects are less charted, although likely important for sustainable fisheries management and conservation strategies. We investigated the evolutionary responses of the Northeast Arctic cod stock (Gadus morhua) to warming temperatures and fishing pressure using a mechanistic modeling approach. Our individual-based simulation model incorporates explicit energy and oxygen budgets, and a simplified genetics framework to capture the complex interactions among traits governing energy acquisition/allocation and maturation schedules. Our results provide a theoretical basis for positive consequences for this particular cod stock in a warming climate. Warmer temperatures increased the aerobic scope, which reduced natural mortality. We found that if food availability and temperature are not linked, a warming climate leads to larger population sizes. By selecting for maturation at larger sizes, adaptation to warming climate at least partially counteracts the evolutionary consequences of fishing, namely smaller body sizes and earlier maturation. Our findings emphasize the benefits of adaptive management approaches, considering fish as evolving organisms and integrating ocean warming into fisheries management strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ea2e8b277dfd48b5b2f479de38a97a7b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-ea2e8b277dfd48b5b2f479de38a97a7b2025-08-20T03:43:57ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-15394-xIncreasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua)Henrik H. Jessen0Anders Frugård Opdal1Katja Enberg2Department of Biological Sciences, University of BergenDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of BergenDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of BergenAbstract Fisheries and climate warming are two stressors known to induce evolutionary changes in fish life histories. While their independent effects have been well documented, their interactive effects are less charted, although likely important for sustainable fisheries management and conservation strategies. We investigated the evolutionary responses of the Northeast Arctic cod stock (Gadus morhua) to warming temperatures and fishing pressure using a mechanistic modeling approach. Our individual-based simulation model incorporates explicit energy and oxygen budgets, and a simplified genetics framework to capture the complex interactions among traits governing energy acquisition/allocation and maturation schedules. Our results provide a theoretical basis for positive consequences for this particular cod stock in a warming climate. Warmer temperatures increased the aerobic scope, which reduced natural mortality. We found that if food availability and temperature are not linked, a warming climate leads to larger population sizes. By selecting for maturation at larger sizes, adaptation to warming climate at least partially counteracts the evolutionary consequences of fishing, namely smaller body sizes and earlier maturation. Our findings emphasize the benefits of adaptive management approaches, considering fish as evolving organisms and integrating ocean warming into fisheries management strategies.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15394-xEco-evolutionary dynamicsFishing pressureClimateIBM modelling |
| spellingShingle | Henrik H. Jessen Anders Frugård Opdal Katja Enberg Increasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua) Scientific Reports Eco-evolutionary dynamics Fishing pressure Climate IBM modelling |
| title | Increasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua) |
| title_full | Increasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua) |
| title_fullStr | Increasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Increasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua) |
| title_short | Increasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of Northeast Arctic Cod (Gadus morhua) |
| title_sort | increasing temperatures counteract the evolutionary consequences of fishing in model of northeast arctic cod gadus morhua |
| topic | Eco-evolutionary dynamics Fishing pressure Climate IBM modelling |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15394-x |
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