Development of a Sustainable Bone Regeneration Material Using Apatite Paste Derived from Eggshell Waste

Apatite pastes derived from eggshell waste (BAp) were implanted onto the calvarial bone of rats, and bone formation was evaluated using X-ray μ-computed tomography (CT) and histological evaluation. BAp was mixed with distilled water to prepare a paste. Monoclinic hydroxyapatite of mineral resources...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Masatsugu Hirota, Chihiro Mochizuki, Toshitsugu Sakurai, Hiroyuki Mishima, Chikahiro Ohkubo, Takatsugu Yamamoto
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Functional Biomaterials
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/6/201
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849471938194309120
author Masatsugu Hirota
Chihiro Mochizuki
Toshitsugu Sakurai
Hiroyuki Mishima
Chikahiro Ohkubo
Takatsugu Yamamoto
author_facet Masatsugu Hirota
Chihiro Mochizuki
Toshitsugu Sakurai
Hiroyuki Mishima
Chikahiro Ohkubo
Takatsugu Yamamoto
author_sort Masatsugu Hirota
collection DOAJ
description Apatite pastes derived from eggshell waste (BAp) were implanted onto the calvarial bone of rats, and bone formation was evaluated using X-ray μ-computed tomography (CT) and histological evaluation. BAp was mixed with distilled water to prepare a paste. Monoclinic hydroxyapatite of mineral resources (HAp) was used as a control. A 5 mm diameter PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tube was filled with apatite pastes and implanted in the calvarial bone of 9-week-old Sprague Dawley rats for 8 weeks. A larger radiopaque area, similar to that of native bone, was observed in the BAp paste-implanted specimens than that of HAp paste. The bone mineral density (BMD) value of the BAp paste was significantly higher than that of the HAp paste (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the histological evaluation, new bone formation was noticed from the calvarial side for both apatite specimens, and HAp remained in the PTFE unlike BAp. The bone mass (BM) value of the BAp paste was significantly higher than that of the HAp paste (<i>p</i> < 0.05). SEM and XRD analyses revealed that BAp was microcrystalline and poorly crystalline. The promotion of new bone formation may contribute to the crystallinity and Mg content of BAp. BAp was found to be useful as a bone regeneration material.
format Article
id doaj-art-e9e35c2ee4824dc18ce73fe59d07e558
institution Kabale University
issn 2079-4983
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Journal of Functional Biomaterials
spelling doaj-art-e9e35c2ee4824dc18ce73fe59d07e5582025-08-20T03:24:39ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Biomaterials2079-49832025-06-0116620110.3390/jfb16060201Development of a Sustainable Bone Regeneration Material Using Apatite Paste Derived from Eggshell WasteMasatsugu Hirota0Chihiro Mochizuki1Toshitsugu Sakurai2Hiroyuki Mishima3Chikahiro Ohkubo4Takatsugu Yamamoto5Department of Education for Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, JapanDepartment of Dental Engineering, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, JapanDepartment of Education for Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, JapanDepartment of Dental Engineering, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, JapanDepartment of Oral Rehabilitation and Prosthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, JapanDepartment of Education for Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, JapanApatite pastes derived from eggshell waste (BAp) were implanted onto the calvarial bone of rats, and bone formation was evaluated using X-ray μ-computed tomography (CT) and histological evaluation. BAp was mixed with distilled water to prepare a paste. Monoclinic hydroxyapatite of mineral resources (HAp) was used as a control. A 5 mm diameter PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tube was filled with apatite pastes and implanted in the calvarial bone of 9-week-old Sprague Dawley rats for 8 weeks. A larger radiopaque area, similar to that of native bone, was observed in the BAp paste-implanted specimens than that of HAp paste. The bone mineral density (BMD) value of the BAp paste was significantly higher than that of the HAp paste (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the histological evaluation, new bone formation was noticed from the calvarial side for both apatite specimens, and HAp remained in the PTFE unlike BAp. The bone mass (BM) value of the BAp paste was significantly higher than that of the HAp paste (<i>p</i> < 0.05). SEM and XRD analyses revealed that BAp was microcrystalline and poorly crystalline. The promotion of new bone formation may contribute to the crystallinity and Mg content of BAp. BAp was found to be useful as a bone regeneration material.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/6/201apatiteeggshellbone formationmagnesiumμ-computed tomography (CT)
spellingShingle Masatsugu Hirota
Chihiro Mochizuki
Toshitsugu Sakurai
Hiroyuki Mishima
Chikahiro Ohkubo
Takatsugu Yamamoto
Development of a Sustainable Bone Regeneration Material Using Apatite Paste Derived from Eggshell Waste
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
apatite
eggshell
bone formation
magnesium
μ-computed tomography (CT)
title Development of a Sustainable Bone Regeneration Material Using Apatite Paste Derived from Eggshell Waste
title_full Development of a Sustainable Bone Regeneration Material Using Apatite Paste Derived from Eggshell Waste
title_fullStr Development of a Sustainable Bone Regeneration Material Using Apatite Paste Derived from Eggshell Waste
title_full_unstemmed Development of a Sustainable Bone Regeneration Material Using Apatite Paste Derived from Eggshell Waste
title_short Development of a Sustainable Bone Regeneration Material Using Apatite Paste Derived from Eggshell Waste
title_sort development of a sustainable bone regeneration material using apatite paste derived from eggshell waste
topic apatite
eggshell
bone formation
magnesium
μ-computed tomography (CT)
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/6/201
work_keys_str_mv AT masatsuguhirota developmentofasustainableboneregenerationmaterialusingapatitepastederivedfromeggshellwaste
AT chihiromochizuki developmentofasustainableboneregenerationmaterialusingapatitepastederivedfromeggshellwaste
AT toshitsugusakurai developmentofasustainableboneregenerationmaterialusingapatitepastederivedfromeggshellwaste
AT hiroyukimishima developmentofasustainableboneregenerationmaterialusingapatitepastederivedfromeggshellwaste
AT chikahiroohkubo developmentofasustainableboneregenerationmaterialusingapatitepastederivedfromeggshellwaste
AT takatsuguyamamoto developmentofasustainableboneregenerationmaterialusingapatitepastederivedfromeggshellwaste