The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases
Despite the discovery of 5 alpha-reduction as an enzymatic step in steroid metabolism in 1951, and the discovery that dihydrotestosterone is more potent than testosterone in 1968, the significance of 5 alpha-reduced steroids in human diseases was not appreciated until the discovery of 5 alpha-reduct...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Advances in Urology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/530121 |
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| author | Faris Azzouni Alejandro Godoy Yun Li James Mohler |
| author_facet | Faris Azzouni Alejandro Godoy Yun Li James Mohler |
| author_sort | Faris Azzouni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite the discovery of 5 alpha-reduction as an enzymatic step in steroid metabolism in 1951, and the discovery that dihydrotestosterone is more potent than testosterone in 1968, the significance of 5 alpha-reduced steroids in human diseases was not appreciated until the discovery of 5 alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency in 1974. Affected males are born with ambiguous external genitalia, despite normal internal genitalia. The prostate is hypoplastic, nonpalpable on rectal examination and approximately 1/10th the size of age-matched normal glands. Benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer does not develop in these patients. At puberty, the external genitalia virilize partially, however, secondary sexual hair remains sparse and male pattern baldness and acne develop rarely. Several compounds have been developed to inhibit the 5 alpha-reductase isozymes and they play an important role in the prevention and treatment of many common diseases. This review describes the basic biochemical properties, functions, tissue distribution, chromosomal location, and clinical significance of the 5 alpha-reductase isozyme family. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e98db02094a94c73a35f4c8693f012e6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-6369 1687-6377 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Urology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e98db02094a94c73a35f4c8693f012e62025-02-03T06:13:18ZengWileyAdvances in Urology1687-63691687-63772012-01-01201210.1155/2012/530121530121The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human DiseasesFaris Azzouni0Alejandro Godoy1Yun Li2James Mohler3Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USADepartment of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USADepartment of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USADepartment of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USADespite the discovery of 5 alpha-reduction as an enzymatic step in steroid metabolism in 1951, and the discovery that dihydrotestosterone is more potent than testosterone in 1968, the significance of 5 alpha-reduced steroids in human diseases was not appreciated until the discovery of 5 alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency in 1974. Affected males are born with ambiguous external genitalia, despite normal internal genitalia. The prostate is hypoplastic, nonpalpable on rectal examination and approximately 1/10th the size of age-matched normal glands. Benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer does not develop in these patients. At puberty, the external genitalia virilize partially, however, secondary sexual hair remains sparse and male pattern baldness and acne develop rarely. Several compounds have been developed to inhibit the 5 alpha-reductase isozymes and they play an important role in the prevention and treatment of many common diseases. This review describes the basic biochemical properties, functions, tissue distribution, chromosomal location, and clinical significance of the 5 alpha-reductase isozyme family.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/530121 |
| spellingShingle | Faris Azzouni Alejandro Godoy Yun Li James Mohler The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases Advances in Urology |
| title | The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases |
| title_full | The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases |
| title_fullStr | The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases |
| title_short | The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases |
| title_sort | 5 alpha reductase isozyme family a review of basic biology and their role in human diseases |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/530121 |
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