Optimisation of Extraction Conditions of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind using Response Surface Methodology

Watermelon white rind is considered the most underutilised fruit resource as it is usually discarded as waste due to its unappealing flavour. Utilising watermelon rind by generating new products could decrease the amount of biological waste, thus recognising the rind’s potential economic value in va...

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Main Authors: Mohammad Azmin Siti Nuurul Huda, Ahamad Shahirah, Ganasan Jivashree, Jefferi Noor Salehah, Mat Nor Mohd Shukri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: EDP Sciences 2024-01-01
Series:BIO Web of Conferences
Online Access:https://www.bio-conferences.org/articles/bioconf/pdf/2024/50/bioconf_ctress2024_05029.pdf
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author Mohammad Azmin Siti Nuurul Huda
Ahamad Shahirah
Ganasan Jivashree
Jefferi Noor Salehah
Mat Nor Mohd Shukri
author_facet Mohammad Azmin Siti Nuurul Huda
Ahamad Shahirah
Ganasan Jivashree
Jefferi Noor Salehah
Mat Nor Mohd Shukri
author_sort Mohammad Azmin Siti Nuurul Huda
collection DOAJ
description Watermelon white rind is considered the most underutilised fruit resource as it is usually discarded as waste due to its unappealing flavour. Utilising watermelon rind by generating new products could decrease the amount of biological waste, thus recognising the rind’s potential economic value in various industries, mainly in the food and cosmeceutical industries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the optimum conditions for extracting watermelon rind. The watermelon rind sample was dried using an oven before extracting the rind. Four factors were used: time, solvent concentration, solid-to-solvent ratio and drying time. These factors were set in Design-Expert version 13 to get the optimum conditions for the best extraction yield. The response surface methodology reveals that four conditions which are 30 mins extraction time, 90 % ethanol concentration, 40 % solvent-to-solid ratio, and 45 hrs sample drying time, showed maximum extract yield at 22 % when extracted using a sonication technique.
format Article
id doaj-art-e954076c996b46799c849cf06abcdc2d
institution OA Journals
issn 2117-4458
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
publisher EDP Sciences
record_format Article
series BIO Web of Conferences
spelling doaj-art-e954076c996b46799c849cf06abcdc2d2025-08-20T02:10:38ZengEDP SciencesBIO Web of Conferences2117-44582024-01-011310502910.1051/bioconf/202413105029bioconf_ctress2024_05029Optimisation of Extraction Conditions of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind using Response Surface MethodologyMohammad Azmin Siti Nuurul Huda0Ahamad Shahirah1Ganasan Jivashree2Jefferi Noor Salehah3Mat Nor Mohd Shukri4Global Entrepreneurship Research & Innovation Centre, University Malaysia Kelantan City CampusFaculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli CampusFaculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli CampusFaculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli CampusSNH Cosmetic Lab Sdn. Bhd. 202301023941 (1517864-W), Innovation Incubator, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli CampusWatermelon white rind is considered the most underutilised fruit resource as it is usually discarded as waste due to its unappealing flavour. Utilising watermelon rind by generating new products could decrease the amount of biological waste, thus recognising the rind’s potential economic value in various industries, mainly in the food and cosmeceutical industries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the optimum conditions for extracting watermelon rind. The watermelon rind sample was dried using an oven before extracting the rind. Four factors were used: time, solvent concentration, solid-to-solvent ratio and drying time. These factors were set in Design-Expert version 13 to get the optimum conditions for the best extraction yield. The response surface methodology reveals that four conditions which are 30 mins extraction time, 90 % ethanol concentration, 40 % solvent-to-solid ratio, and 45 hrs sample drying time, showed maximum extract yield at 22 % when extracted using a sonication technique.https://www.bio-conferences.org/articles/bioconf/pdf/2024/50/bioconf_ctress2024_05029.pdf
spellingShingle Mohammad Azmin Siti Nuurul Huda
Ahamad Shahirah
Ganasan Jivashree
Jefferi Noor Salehah
Mat Nor Mohd Shukri
Optimisation of Extraction Conditions of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind using Response Surface Methodology
BIO Web of Conferences
title Optimisation of Extraction Conditions of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind using Response Surface Methodology
title_full Optimisation of Extraction Conditions of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind using Response Surface Methodology
title_fullStr Optimisation of Extraction Conditions of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind using Response Surface Methodology
title_full_unstemmed Optimisation of Extraction Conditions of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind using Response Surface Methodology
title_short Optimisation of Extraction Conditions of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus) Rind using Response Surface Methodology
title_sort optimisation of extraction conditions of watermelon citrullus lanatus rind using response surface methodology
url https://www.bio-conferences.org/articles/bioconf/pdf/2024/50/bioconf_ctress2024_05029.pdf
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