Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascade
Seaweeds have been utilized as food, fodder, fertilizer, and medicine since ancient times; nevertheless, they have received only a little attention. In the current work, we extracted the sulfated polysaccharide from a marine source and investigated its anti-arthritic potential in vivo. The isolated...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Biomolecular Concepts |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2022-0050 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832570534614794240 |
|---|---|
| author | Ramamoorthi Lavanya Jeyabalan Srikanth Sankar Seethalakshmi Begum M. Yasmin Duraipandian Chamundeeswari Sekar Mahendran Wong Ling Shing Subramaniyan Vetriselvan |
| author_facet | Ramamoorthi Lavanya Jeyabalan Srikanth Sankar Seethalakshmi Begum M. Yasmin Duraipandian Chamundeeswari Sekar Mahendran Wong Ling Shing Subramaniyan Vetriselvan |
| author_sort | Ramamoorthi Lavanya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Seaweeds have been utilized as food, fodder, fertilizer, and medicine since ancient times; nevertheless, they have received only a little attention. In the current work, we extracted the sulfated polysaccharide from a marine source and investigated its anti-arthritic potential in vivo. The isolated and freeze-dried polysaccharide was tested for acute oral toxicity based on OECD 423. This step was followed by investigations on clinical signs and gross pathological alterations seen. A complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis was used to test the in vivo activity in female Sprague–Dawley rats, which were divided into five groups: (1) normal control, (2) arthritic control, (3) methotrexate treatment (0.1 mg/kg), (4) crude sulfated polysaccharide (CSP) (5 mg/kg), and (5) CSP (10 mg/kg). CSP was from the marine brown algae Sargassum ilicifolium from the Gulf of Mannar. The body weight, paw volume, and biochemical markers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, urea, and C-reactive protein levels) were also measured for each group coupled with histopathological and immunohistochemistry studies. The acute toxicity investigation indicated that the lethal dose of 50% (LD50) of the polysaccharide was more than 2,000 mg/kg. In addition, animals from the methotrexate and CSP (5 mg/kg, p.o.) groups had a substantial reduction in paw volume compared to other treatment groups. Methotrexate and CSP treatment dramatically decreased the levels of the investigated marker enzymes. Histopathology revealed that low-dose CSP (5 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the severity of synovitis, panniculitis, liver necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cortical and paracortical necrotic foci in node, compared to the high dose (10 mg/kg, p.o.). Immunohistochemical studies revealed that CSP (5 mg/kg) significantly inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-2, and CD4 cells. Overall, it can be concluded that a low-dose CSP (5 mg/kg) is an efficient anti-arthritic agent that confers its effects via the cytokine pathway. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e9265458c7204e81abfc466dbf33f5bb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1868-503X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecular Concepts |
| spelling | doaj-art-e9265458c7204e81abfc466dbf33f5bb2025-02-02T15:44:54ZengDe GruyterBiomolecular Concepts1868-503X2025-01-01161374610.1515/bmc-2022-0050Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascadeRamamoorthi Lavanya0Jeyabalan Srikanth1Sankar Seethalakshmi2Begum M. Yasmin3Duraipandian Chamundeeswari4Sekar Mahendran5Wong Ling Shing6Subramaniyan Vetriselvan7Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, ESIC Medical College & PGIMSR, KK Nagar, Chennai, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaFaculty of Pharmacy, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kanchipuram, 600 078, IndiaSchool of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya47500, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, 71800MalaysiaDivision of Pharmacology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaSeaweeds have been utilized as food, fodder, fertilizer, and medicine since ancient times; nevertheless, they have received only a little attention. In the current work, we extracted the sulfated polysaccharide from a marine source and investigated its anti-arthritic potential in vivo. The isolated and freeze-dried polysaccharide was tested for acute oral toxicity based on OECD 423. This step was followed by investigations on clinical signs and gross pathological alterations seen. A complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis was used to test the in vivo activity in female Sprague–Dawley rats, which were divided into five groups: (1) normal control, (2) arthritic control, (3) methotrexate treatment (0.1 mg/kg), (4) crude sulfated polysaccharide (CSP) (5 mg/kg), and (5) CSP (10 mg/kg). CSP was from the marine brown algae Sargassum ilicifolium from the Gulf of Mannar. The body weight, paw volume, and biochemical markers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, urea, and C-reactive protein levels) were also measured for each group coupled with histopathological and immunohistochemistry studies. The acute toxicity investigation indicated that the lethal dose of 50% (LD50) of the polysaccharide was more than 2,000 mg/kg. In addition, animals from the methotrexate and CSP (5 mg/kg, p.o.) groups had a substantial reduction in paw volume compared to other treatment groups. Methotrexate and CSP treatment dramatically decreased the levels of the investigated marker enzymes. Histopathology revealed that low-dose CSP (5 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the severity of synovitis, panniculitis, liver necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cortical and paracortical necrotic foci in node, compared to the high dose (10 mg/kg, p.o.). Immunohistochemical studies revealed that CSP (5 mg/kg) significantly inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-2, and CD4 cells. Overall, it can be concluded that a low-dose CSP (5 mg/kg) is an efficient anti-arthritic agent that confers its effects via the cytokine pathway.https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2022-0050sargassum ilicifoliumtnf-αarthritisanti-arthriticpolysaccharidehuman health |
| spellingShingle | Ramamoorthi Lavanya Jeyabalan Srikanth Sankar Seethalakshmi Begum M. Yasmin Duraipandian Chamundeeswari Sekar Mahendran Wong Ling Shing Subramaniyan Vetriselvan Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascade Biomolecular Concepts sargassum ilicifolium tnf-α arthritis anti-arthritic polysaccharide human health |
| title | Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascade |
| title_full | Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascade |
| title_fullStr | Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascade |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascade |
| title_short | Anti-arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium (Turner) C. Agardh: Regulation of cytokine cascade |
| title_sort | anti arthritic potential of crude sulfated polysaccharide from marine macroalgae sargassum ilicifolium turner c agardh regulation of cytokine cascade |
| topic | sargassum ilicifolium tnf-α arthritis anti-arthritic polysaccharide human health |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2022-0050 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ramamoorthilavanya antiarthriticpotentialofcrudesulfatedpolysaccharidefrommarinemacroalgaesargassumilicifoliumturnercagardhregulationofcytokinecascade AT jeyabalansrikanth antiarthriticpotentialofcrudesulfatedpolysaccharidefrommarinemacroalgaesargassumilicifoliumturnercagardhregulationofcytokinecascade AT sankarseethalakshmi antiarthriticpotentialofcrudesulfatedpolysaccharidefrommarinemacroalgaesargassumilicifoliumturnercagardhregulationofcytokinecascade AT begummyasmin antiarthriticpotentialofcrudesulfatedpolysaccharidefrommarinemacroalgaesargassumilicifoliumturnercagardhregulationofcytokinecascade AT duraipandianchamundeeswari antiarthriticpotentialofcrudesulfatedpolysaccharidefrommarinemacroalgaesargassumilicifoliumturnercagardhregulationofcytokinecascade AT sekarmahendran antiarthriticpotentialofcrudesulfatedpolysaccharidefrommarinemacroalgaesargassumilicifoliumturnercagardhregulationofcytokinecascade AT wonglingshing antiarthriticpotentialofcrudesulfatedpolysaccharidefrommarinemacroalgaesargassumilicifoliumturnercagardhregulationofcytokinecascade AT subramaniyanvetriselvan antiarthriticpotentialofcrudesulfatedpolysaccharidefrommarinemacroalgaesargassumilicifoliumturnercagardhregulationofcytokinecascade |