Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms
The bioactive and anti-inflammatory role of human milk components has been recognized; active milk components include soluble forms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Preterm babies are more susceptible to infections and may succumb to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease which is...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4078671 |
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| author | Chiara Cattaneo Alice Caramaschi Elena Uga Michela Braghin Gianluca Cosi Chiara Peila Maria C. Strozzi Miriam Sabatini Diego Gazzolo Marcello Manfredi Maria Cavaletto |
| author_facet | Chiara Cattaneo Alice Caramaschi Elena Uga Michela Braghin Gianluca Cosi Chiara Peila Maria C. Strozzi Miriam Sabatini Diego Gazzolo Marcello Manfredi Maria Cavaletto |
| author_sort | Chiara Cattaneo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The bioactive and anti-inflammatory role of human milk components has been recognized; active milk components include soluble forms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Preterm babies are more susceptible to infections and may succumb to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease which is exacerbated by an excessive inflammatory response after TLR activation. Here, we investigated the presence of Toll-like receptors TLR1/2/4/6 in colostrum and mature milk of women who delivered before (preterm) or after (term) 37 weeks of gestational age, integrating classical immune-related techniques with proteomic LC-MS/MS analysis. We have detected immunoreactivity for TLRs mostly in preterm samples, even for TLR1 and TLR6, until now not described in human milk. We demonstrated the presence of only TLR2 in the milk fat globule membrane, while the immunoreactivity of TLR1/4/6 was ascribed to crossreaction with some interesting milk proteins sharing leucine-rich repeat domains. These results will provide new insights into the definition of the role of TLRs in intestinal immune regulation of the newborns. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e8bcd2c5ed524abfacc03a3a02844ac3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-e8bcd2c5ed524abfacc03a3a02844ac32025-02-03T01:25:58ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562019-01-01201910.1155/2019/40786714078671Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble FormsChiara Cattaneo0Alice Caramaschi1Elena Uga2Michela Braghin3Gianluca Cosi4Chiara Peila5Maria C. Strozzi6Miriam Sabatini7Diego Gazzolo8Marcello Manfredi9Maria Cavaletto10Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyS.C. Pediatria, P.O. Sant’Andrea di Vercelli, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyS.C. Pediatria, P.O. Sant’Andrea di Vercelli, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyS.C. Pediatria, P.O. Sant’Andrea di Vercelli, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyTerapia Intensiva Neonatale, Azienda Ospedaliera Nazionale SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, ItalyTerapia Intensiva Neonatale, Azienda Ospedaliera Nazionale SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, ItalyTerapia Intensiva Neonatale, Azienda Ospedaliera Nazionale SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, ItalyTerapia Intensiva Neonatale, Azienda Ospedaliera Nazionale SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, ItalyISALIT s.r.l., 28100 Novara, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, ItalyThe bioactive and anti-inflammatory role of human milk components has been recognized; active milk components include soluble forms of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Preterm babies are more susceptible to infections and may succumb to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease which is exacerbated by an excessive inflammatory response after TLR activation. Here, we investigated the presence of Toll-like receptors TLR1/2/4/6 in colostrum and mature milk of women who delivered before (preterm) or after (term) 37 weeks of gestational age, integrating classical immune-related techniques with proteomic LC-MS/MS analysis. We have detected immunoreactivity for TLRs mostly in preterm samples, even for TLR1 and TLR6, until now not described in human milk. We demonstrated the presence of only TLR2 in the milk fat globule membrane, while the immunoreactivity of TLR1/4/6 was ascribed to crossreaction with some interesting milk proteins sharing leucine-rich repeat domains. These results will provide new insights into the definition of the role of TLRs in intestinal immune regulation of the newborns.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4078671 |
| spellingShingle | Chiara Cattaneo Alice Caramaschi Elena Uga Michela Braghin Gianluca Cosi Chiara Peila Maria C. Strozzi Miriam Sabatini Diego Gazzolo Marcello Manfredi Maria Cavaletto Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
| title_full | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
| title_short | Analysis of Toll-Like Receptors in Human Milk: Detection of Membrane-Bound and Soluble Forms |
| title_sort | analysis of toll like receptors in human milk detection of membrane bound and soluble forms |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4078671 |
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