Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth Movement
Osteocytes are abundant cells in bone, which contribute to bone maintenance. Osteocytes express receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and regulate osteoclast formation. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) occurs by osteoclast resorption of alveolar bone. Osteocyte-derived RANKL is...
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2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9716758 |
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| author | Fumitoshi Ohori Hideki Kitaura Aseel Marahleh Akiko Kishikawa Saika Ogawa Jiawei Qi Wei-Ren Shen Takahiro Noguchi Yasuhiko Nara Itaru Mizoguchi |
| author_facet | Fumitoshi Ohori Hideki Kitaura Aseel Marahleh Akiko Kishikawa Saika Ogawa Jiawei Qi Wei-Ren Shen Takahiro Noguchi Yasuhiko Nara Itaru Mizoguchi |
| author_sort | Fumitoshi Ohori |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Osteocytes are abundant cells in bone, which contribute to bone maintenance. Osteocytes express receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and regulate osteoclast formation. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) occurs by osteoclast resorption of alveolar bone. Osteocyte-derived RANKL is critical in bone resorption during OTM. Additionally, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is important in osteoclastogenesis during OTM. Sclerostin has been reported to enhance RANKL expression in the MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cell line. This study investigated the effect of TNF-α on sclerostin expression in osteocytes during OTM. In vitro analysis of primary osteocytes, which were isolated from DMP1-Topaz mice by sorting the Topaz variant of GFP-positive cells, revealed that SOST mRNA expression was increased when osteocytes were cultured with TNF-α and that RANKL mRNA expression was increased when osteocytes were cultured with sclerostin. Moreover, the number of TRAP-positive cells was increased in osteocytes and osteoclast precursors cocultured with sclerostin. In vivo analysis of mouse calvariae that had been subcutaneously injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or TNF-α revealed that the number of TRAP-positive cells and the percentage of sclerostin-positive osteocytes were higher in the TNF-α group than in the PBS group. Furthermore, the level of SOST mRNA was increased by TNF-α. As an OTM model, a Ni-Ti closed-coil spring connecting the upper incisors and upper-left first molar was placed to move the first molar to the mesial direction in wild-type (WT) mice and TNF receptor 1- and 2-deficient (TNFRsKO) mice. After 6 days of OTM, the percentage of sclerostin-positive osteocytes on the compression side of the first molar in TNFRsKO mice was lower than that in WT mice. In this study, TNF-α increased sclerostin expression in osteocytes, and sclerostin enhanced RANKL expression in osteocytes. Thus, TNF-α may play an important role in sclerostin expression in osteocytes and enhance osteoclast formation during OTM. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e893cf38ac0d474cac7c47fe65ce47a0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
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| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-e893cf38ac0d474cac7c47fe65ce47a02025-02-03T01:23:41ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562019-01-01201910.1155/2019/97167589716758Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth MovementFumitoshi Ohori0Hideki Kitaura1Aseel Marahleh2Akiko Kishikawa3Saika Ogawa4Jiawei Qi5Wei-Ren Shen6Takahiro Noguchi7Yasuhiko Nara8Itaru Mizoguchi9Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDivision of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanOsteocytes are abundant cells in bone, which contribute to bone maintenance. Osteocytes express receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and regulate osteoclast formation. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) occurs by osteoclast resorption of alveolar bone. Osteocyte-derived RANKL is critical in bone resorption during OTM. Additionally, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is important in osteoclastogenesis during OTM. Sclerostin has been reported to enhance RANKL expression in the MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cell line. This study investigated the effect of TNF-α on sclerostin expression in osteocytes during OTM. In vitro analysis of primary osteocytes, which were isolated from DMP1-Topaz mice by sorting the Topaz variant of GFP-positive cells, revealed that SOST mRNA expression was increased when osteocytes were cultured with TNF-α and that RANKL mRNA expression was increased when osteocytes were cultured with sclerostin. Moreover, the number of TRAP-positive cells was increased in osteocytes and osteoclast precursors cocultured with sclerostin. In vivo analysis of mouse calvariae that had been subcutaneously injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or TNF-α revealed that the number of TRAP-positive cells and the percentage of sclerostin-positive osteocytes were higher in the TNF-α group than in the PBS group. Furthermore, the level of SOST mRNA was increased by TNF-α. As an OTM model, a Ni-Ti closed-coil spring connecting the upper incisors and upper-left first molar was placed to move the first molar to the mesial direction in wild-type (WT) mice and TNF receptor 1- and 2-deficient (TNFRsKO) mice. After 6 days of OTM, the percentage of sclerostin-positive osteocytes on the compression side of the first molar in TNFRsKO mice was lower than that in WT mice. In this study, TNF-α increased sclerostin expression in osteocytes, and sclerostin enhanced RANKL expression in osteocytes. Thus, TNF-α may play an important role in sclerostin expression in osteocytes and enhance osteoclast formation during OTM.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9716758 |
| spellingShingle | Fumitoshi Ohori Hideki Kitaura Aseel Marahleh Akiko Kishikawa Saika Ogawa Jiawei Qi Wei-Ren Shen Takahiro Noguchi Yasuhiko Nara Itaru Mizoguchi Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth Movement Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth Movement |
| title_full | Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth Movement |
| title_fullStr | Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth Movement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth Movement |
| title_short | Effect of TNF-α-Induced Sclerostin on Osteocytes during Orthodontic Tooth Movement |
| title_sort | effect of tnf α induced sclerostin on osteocytes during orthodontic tooth movement |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9716758 |
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