Brown fat thermogenesis and branched-chain amino acids in metabolic disease
Since the 1960s, researchers have recognized an association between elevated plasma branched chain amino acids (BCAA) and metabolic disease, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, but the cause for it remained poorly understood. Recent advances in metabolomics, advanced imaging techniques,...
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The Japan Endocrine Society
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Endocrine Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/71/2/71_EJ23-0205/_html/-char/en |
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| author | Zachary Brown Takeshi Yoneshiro |
| author_facet | Zachary Brown Takeshi Yoneshiro |
| author_sort | Zachary Brown |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since the 1960s, researchers have recognized an association between elevated plasma branched chain amino acids (BCAA) and metabolic disease, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, but the cause for it remained poorly understood. Recent advances in metabolomics, advanced imaging techniques, and genetic analyses over the past decade have enabled newfound insights into the mechanism of BCAA metabolic dysregulation across a variety of peripheral tissues and its impact on metabolic disease, suggesting a key role for brown adipose tissue (BAT) in determining BCAA metabolic homeostasis. Previous investigations into BAT have emphasized fatty acids and glucose as substrates for BAT thermogenesis. Here, we address the importance of BAT in systemic BCAA metabolism, driven via the newly identified mitochondrial BCAA carrier (MBC), as well as the impact of BAT-driven BCAA clearance on glucose homeostasis and metabolic disease. The newly identified MBC offers new therapeutic avenues by which BAT activity may be enhanced to improve metabolic and cardiovascular health, as well as other diseases in which increases of circulating BCAA may play a role in pathogenicity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e8906a816615413aa6a8a396644263bf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1348-4540 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | The Japan Endocrine Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrine Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-e8906a816615413aa6a8a396644263bf2025-01-22T06:33:21ZengThe Japan Endocrine SocietyEndocrine Journal1348-45402024-02-017128910010.1507/endocrj.EJ23-0205endocrjBrown fat thermogenesis and branched-chain amino acids in metabolic diseaseZachary Brown0Takeshi Yoneshiro1School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USADivision of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, JapanSince the 1960s, researchers have recognized an association between elevated plasma branched chain amino acids (BCAA) and metabolic disease, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, but the cause for it remained poorly understood. Recent advances in metabolomics, advanced imaging techniques, and genetic analyses over the past decade have enabled newfound insights into the mechanism of BCAA metabolic dysregulation across a variety of peripheral tissues and its impact on metabolic disease, suggesting a key role for brown adipose tissue (BAT) in determining BCAA metabolic homeostasis. Previous investigations into BAT have emphasized fatty acids and glucose as substrates for BAT thermogenesis. Here, we address the importance of BAT in systemic BCAA metabolism, driven via the newly identified mitochondrial BCAA carrier (MBC), as well as the impact of BAT-driven BCAA clearance on glucose homeostasis and metabolic disease. The newly identified MBC offers new therapeutic avenues by which BAT activity may be enhanced to improve metabolic and cardiovascular health, as well as other diseases in which increases of circulating BCAA may play a role in pathogenicity.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/71/2/71_EJ23-0205/_html/-char/enbranched-chain amino acidsbrown adipose tissuebeige adipocytesdiabetestransporter |
| spellingShingle | Zachary Brown Takeshi Yoneshiro Brown fat thermogenesis and branched-chain amino acids in metabolic disease Endocrine Journal branched-chain amino acids brown adipose tissue beige adipocytes diabetes transporter |
| title | Brown fat thermogenesis and branched-chain amino acids in metabolic disease |
| title_full | Brown fat thermogenesis and branched-chain amino acids in metabolic disease |
| title_fullStr | Brown fat thermogenesis and branched-chain amino acids in metabolic disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brown fat thermogenesis and branched-chain amino acids in metabolic disease |
| title_short | Brown fat thermogenesis and branched-chain amino acids in metabolic disease |
| title_sort | brown fat thermogenesis and branched chain amino acids in metabolic disease |
| topic | branched-chain amino acids brown adipose tissue beige adipocytes diabetes transporter |
| url | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/endocrj/71/2/71_EJ23-0205/_html/-char/en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zacharybrown brownfatthermogenesisandbranchedchainaminoacidsinmetabolicdisease AT takeshiyoneshiro brownfatthermogenesisandbranchedchainaminoacidsinmetabolicdisease |