Simulation of Load–Sinkage Relationship and Parameter Inversion of Snow Based on Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian Method
The accurate calibration of snow parameters is necessary to establish an accurate simulation model of snow, which is generally used to study tire–snow interaction. In this paper, an innovative parameter inversion method based on in situ test results is proposed to calibrate the snow parameters, whic...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | Ming Zhu Pengyu Li Dongqing Li Wei Wei Jianfeng Liu Xixing Long Qingkai Meng Yongjie Shu Qingdong Yan |
| author_facet | Ming Zhu Pengyu Li Dongqing Li Wei Wei Jianfeng Liu Xixing Long Qingkai Meng Yongjie Shu Qingdong Yan |
| author_sort | Ming Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The accurate calibration of snow parameters is necessary to establish an accurate simulation model of snow, which is generally used to study tire–snow interaction. In this paper, an innovative parameter inversion method based on in situ test results is proposed to calibrate the snow parameters, which avoids the damage to the mechanical properties of snow when making test samples using traditional test methods. A coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) model of plate loading in snow was established; the sensitivity of snow parameters to the macroscopic load–sinkage relationship was studied; a plate-loading experiment was carried out; and the parameters of snow at the experimental site were inverted. The parameter inversion results from the snow model were verified by the experimental test results of different snow depths and different plate sizes. The results show the following: (1) The material cohesive, angle of friction, and hardening law of snow have great influence on the load–sinkage relationship of snow, the elastic modulus has a great influence on the unloading/reloading stiffness of snow, and the influence of density and Poisson’s ratio on the load–sinkage relationship can be ignored. (2) The correlation coefficient between the inversion result and the matching test data is 0.979, which is 0.304 higher than that of the initial inversion curve. (3) The load–sinkage relationship of snow with different snow depths and plate diameters was simulated by using the model parameter of inversion, and the results were compared with the experimental results. The minimum correlation coefficient was 0.87, indicating that the snow parameter inversion method in this paper can calibrate the snow parameters of the test site accurately. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e85f61973ce64b6fbc77e7517b6aea0b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-1702 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Machines |
| spelling | doaj-art-e85f61973ce64b6fbc77e7517b6aea0b2025-01-24T13:39:07ZengMDPI AGMachines2075-17022024-12-01131810.3390/machines13010008Simulation of Load–Sinkage Relationship and Parameter Inversion of Snow Based on Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian MethodMing Zhu0Pengyu Li1Dongqing Li2Wei Wei3Jianfeng Liu4Xixing Long5Qingkai Meng6Yongjie Shu7Qingdong Yan8School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaHarbin First Machinery Group Co., Ltd., Harbin 150001, ChinaHarbin First Machinery Group Co., Ltd., Harbin 150001, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaChongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaThe accurate calibration of snow parameters is necessary to establish an accurate simulation model of snow, which is generally used to study tire–snow interaction. In this paper, an innovative parameter inversion method based on in situ test results is proposed to calibrate the snow parameters, which avoids the damage to the mechanical properties of snow when making test samples using traditional test methods. A coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) model of plate loading in snow was established; the sensitivity of snow parameters to the macroscopic load–sinkage relationship was studied; a plate-loading experiment was carried out; and the parameters of snow at the experimental site were inverted. The parameter inversion results from the snow model were verified by the experimental test results of different snow depths and different plate sizes. The results show the following: (1) The material cohesive, angle of friction, and hardening law of snow have great influence on the load–sinkage relationship of snow, the elastic modulus has a great influence on the unloading/reloading stiffness of snow, and the influence of density and Poisson’s ratio on the load–sinkage relationship can be ignored. (2) The correlation coefficient between the inversion result and the matching test data is 0.979, which is 0.304 higher than that of the initial inversion curve. (3) The load–sinkage relationship of snow with different snow depths and plate diameters was simulated by using the model parameter of inversion, and the results were compared with the experimental results. The minimum correlation coefficient was 0.87, indicating that the snow parameter inversion method in this paper can calibrate the snow parameters of the test site accurately.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/1/8load–sinkage relationshipparameter inversionMDPCcoupled Eulerian–Lagrangian method |
| spellingShingle | Ming Zhu Pengyu Li Dongqing Li Wei Wei Jianfeng Liu Xixing Long Qingkai Meng Yongjie Shu Qingdong Yan Simulation of Load–Sinkage Relationship and Parameter Inversion of Snow Based on Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian Method Machines load–sinkage relationship parameter inversion MDPC coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian method |
| title | Simulation of Load–Sinkage Relationship and Parameter Inversion of Snow Based on Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian Method |
| title_full | Simulation of Load–Sinkage Relationship and Parameter Inversion of Snow Based on Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian Method |
| title_fullStr | Simulation of Load–Sinkage Relationship and Parameter Inversion of Snow Based on Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulation of Load–Sinkage Relationship and Parameter Inversion of Snow Based on Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian Method |
| title_short | Simulation of Load–Sinkage Relationship and Parameter Inversion of Snow Based on Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian Method |
| title_sort | simulation of load sinkage relationship and parameter inversion of snow based on coupled eulerian lagrangian method |
| topic | load–sinkage relationship parameter inversion MDPC coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/1/8 |
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