Video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping
Aiming to address the compatibility of robustness and reversibility in existing video watermarking algorithms, a video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping was proposed. The algorithm, which was based on the H.264 video coding standard, introduced a video dua...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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POSTS&TELECOM PRESS Co., LTD
2025-02-01
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| Series: | 网络与信息安全学报 |
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| Online Access: | http://www.cjnis.com.cn/thesisDetails#10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2025010 |
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| _version_ | 1849390485003567104 |
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| author | LIANG Yucheng NIU Ke LI Jun MENG Yifei |
| author_facet | LIANG Yucheng NIU Ke LI Jun MENG Yifei |
| author_sort | LIANG Yucheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aiming to address the compatibility of robustness and reversibility in existing video watermarking algorithms, a video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping was proposed. The algorithm, which was based on the H.264 video coding standard, introduced a video dual-domain watermarking framework. Video frames were grouped according to their scene smoothness, and within each group, frames meeting the predefined criteria were selected as hidden frames for watermark embedding. The hidden frames were processed using a hybrid DWT-DCT approach to generate the watermark embedding domain. Robust watermarking was embedded into the low-frequency domain of the Y channel using a robust embedding method, while reversible watermarking was embedded into the high-frequency domain of the Y channel through histogram migration techniques. At the decoding end, watermark extraction and lossless recovery of the original video were achieved. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits excellent invisibility, with the average peak signal-to-noise ratio and average structural similarity index of the embedded frames being 49.009 2 dB and 0.984 0, respectively. The algorithm is shown to be robust against distortion noise attacks and frame attacks of varying intensities. The average normalized correlation between the extracted watermark and the original watermark is above 0.993 3, while the average bit error rate is below 0.058 2. Additionally, the computational complexity is low, with the time difference for unit frame encoding and decoding being less than 0.033 s and 0.025 s, respectively. These results indicates that the proposed algorithm has high application value. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e85c1dfb2d664fd686a8dbde0ccbb2b5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2096-109X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | POSTS&TELECOM PRESS Co., LTD |
| record_format | Article |
| series | 网络与信息安全学报 |
| spelling | doaj-art-e85c1dfb2d664fd686a8dbde0ccbb2b52025-08-20T03:41:39ZengPOSTS&TELECOM PRESS Co., LTD网络与信息安全学报2096-109X2025-02-011110612886732284Video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame groupingLIANG YuchengNIU KeLI JunMENG YifeiAiming to address the compatibility of robustness and reversibility in existing video watermarking algorithms, a video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping was proposed. The algorithm, which was based on the H.264 video coding standard, introduced a video dual-domain watermarking framework. Video frames were grouped according to their scene smoothness, and within each group, frames meeting the predefined criteria were selected as hidden frames for watermark embedding. The hidden frames were processed using a hybrid DWT-DCT approach to generate the watermark embedding domain. Robust watermarking was embedded into the low-frequency domain of the Y channel using a robust embedding method, while reversible watermarking was embedded into the high-frequency domain of the Y channel through histogram migration techniques. At the decoding end, watermark extraction and lossless recovery of the original video were achieved. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits excellent invisibility, with the average peak signal-to-noise ratio and average structural similarity index of the embedded frames being 49.009 2 dB and 0.984 0, respectively. The algorithm is shown to be robust against distortion noise attacks and frame attacks of varying intensities. The average normalized correlation between the extracted watermark and the original watermark is above 0.993 3, while the average bit error rate is below 0.058 2. Additionally, the computational complexity is low, with the time difference for unit frame encoding and decoding being less than 0.033 s and 0.025 s, respectively. These results indicates that the proposed algorithm has high application value.http://www.cjnis.com.cn/thesisDetails#10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2025010video dual-domain watermarking frameworkscene smoothnesshybrid DWT-DCTY channelH.264 encoding |
| spellingShingle | LIANG Yucheng NIU Ke LI Jun MENG Yifei Video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping 网络与信息安全学报 video dual-domain watermarking framework scene smoothness hybrid DWT-DCT Y channel H.264 encoding |
| title | Video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping |
| title_full | Video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping |
| title_fullStr | Video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping |
| title_full_unstemmed | Video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping |
| title_short | Video dual-domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid DWT-DCT and frame grouping |
| title_sort | video dual domain watermarking algorithm based on hybrid dwt dct and frame grouping |
| topic | video dual-domain watermarking framework scene smoothness hybrid DWT-DCT Y channel H.264 encoding |
| url | http://www.cjnis.com.cn/thesisDetails#10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2025010 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT liangyucheng videodualdomainwatermarkingalgorithmbasedonhybriddwtdctandframegrouping AT niuke videodualdomainwatermarkingalgorithmbasedonhybriddwtdctandframegrouping AT lijun videodualdomainwatermarkingalgorithmbasedonhybriddwtdctandframegrouping AT mengyifei videodualdomainwatermarkingalgorithmbasedonhybriddwtdctandframegrouping |