Association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well-being in older employees: moderated mediation by functional difficulty
Abstract Background Many studies have highlighted the association between frailty, physical activity behaviour (PAB), and well-being, but no study has investigated a potential moderated mediating role of functional difficulty in this relationship. This association may not be the same between differe...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | BMC Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21596-9 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832571273984606208 |
|---|---|
| author | Emelia Danquah Nestor Asiamah Reginald Arthur-Mensah Jnr Alex Sui Wing Chan Hafiz T. A. Khan |
| author_facet | Emelia Danquah Nestor Asiamah Reginald Arthur-Mensah Jnr Alex Sui Wing Chan Hafiz T. A. Khan |
| author_sort | Emelia Danquah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Many studies have highlighted the association between frailty, physical activity behaviour (PAB), and well-being, but no study has investigated a potential moderated mediating role of functional difficulty in this relationship. This association may not be the same between different income levels. This study, therefore, assessed the above moderated mediation between low- and higher-income samples. Methods This research employed a cross-sectional design in accordance with established research-reporting guidelines. The study population comprised two distinct Ghanaian samples, with N = 942 individuals in the low-income group and N = 600 individuals in the higher income group. Data analysis was carried out using Hayes's Process model through structural equation modelling, with additional sensitivity analyses performed through hierarchical linear regression. Results Frailty had a direct negative effect and an indirect negative effect (through functional difficulty) on well-being in both samples. A partial mediation of functional difficulty was found in the relationship between frailty and well-being in both samples. We also found evidence of a moderated mediation by functional difficulty in both samples; however, this effect was stronger in the higher-income sample. Conclusion Older employees with frailty are less likely to report lower functional difficulty and well-being at higher PAB. Our results suggest a need for workplace programmes aimed at encouraging PAB. It also reinforces the importance of individuals performing and maintaining PAB. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e807a2edab8b451091def4ef9d84bc7f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-e807a2edab8b451091def4ef9d84bc7f2025-02-02T12:45:51ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111310.1186/s12889-025-21596-9Association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well-being in older employees: moderated mediation by functional difficultyEmelia Danquah0Nestor Asiamah1Reginald Arthur-Mensah Jnr2Alex Sui Wing Chan3Hafiz T. A. Khan4Research Directorate, Koforidua Technical UniversityDivision of Interdisciplinary Research and Practice, University of Essex, School of Health and Social CareDepartment of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Pentecost UniversityDepartment of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityCollege of Nursing, Midwifery, and Healthcare, University of West LondonAbstract Background Many studies have highlighted the association between frailty, physical activity behaviour (PAB), and well-being, but no study has investigated a potential moderated mediating role of functional difficulty in this relationship. This association may not be the same between different income levels. This study, therefore, assessed the above moderated mediation between low- and higher-income samples. Methods This research employed a cross-sectional design in accordance with established research-reporting guidelines. The study population comprised two distinct Ghanaian samples, with N = 942 individuals in the low-income group and N = 600 individuals in the higher income group. Data analysis was carried out using Hayes's Process model through structural equation modelling, with additional sensitivity analyses performed through hierarchical linear regression. Results Frailty had a direct negative effect and an indirect negative effect (through functional difficulty) on well-being in both samples. A partial mediation of functional difficulty was found in the relationship between frailty and well-being in both samples. We also found evidence of a moderated mediation by functional difficulty in both samples; however, this effect was stronger in the higher-income sample. Conclusion Older employees with frailty are less likely to report lower functional difficulty and well-being at higher PAB. Our results suggest a need for workplace programmes aimed at encouraging PAB. It also reinforces the importance of individuals performing and maintaining PAB.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21596-9FrailtyFunctional difficultyOlder adultsIncomePhysical well-beingPhysical activity |
| spellingShingle | Emelia Danquah Nestor Asiamah Reginald Arthur-Mensah Jnr Alex Sui Wing Chan Hafiz T. A. Khan Association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well-being in older employees: moderated mediation by functional difficulty BMC Public Health Frailty Functional difficulty Older adults Income Physical well-being Physical activity |
| title | Association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well-being in older employees: moderated mediation by functional difficulty |
| title_full | Association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well-being in older employees: moderated mediation by functional difficulty |
| title_fullStr | Association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well-being in older employees: moderated mediation by functional difficulty |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well-being in older employees: moderated mediation by functional difficulty |
| title_short | Association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well-being in older employees: moderated mediation by functional difficulty |
| title_sort | association of frailty with physical activity behaviour and well being in older employees moderated mediation by functional difficulty |
| topic | Frailty Functional difficulty Older adults Income Physical well-being Physical activity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21596-9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT emeliadanquah associationoffrailtywithphysicalactivitybehaviourandwellbeinginolderemployeesmoderatedmediationbyfunctionaldifficulty AT nestorasiamah associationoffrailtywithphysicalactivitybehaviourandwellbeinginolderemployeesmoderatedmediationbyfunctionaldifficulty AT reginaldarthurmensahjnr associationoffrailtywithphysicalactivitybehaviourandwellbeinginolderemployeesmoderatedmediationbyfunctionaldifficulty AT alexsuiwingchan associationoffrailtywithphysicalactivitybehaviourandwellbeinginolderemployeesmoderatedmediationbyfunctionaldifficulty AT hafiztakhan associationoffrailtywithphysicalactivitybehaviourandwellbeinginolderemployeesmoderatedmediationbyfunctionaldifficulty |