Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approach
This study uses a stochastic impact model based on population, wealth, and technology to examine carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region from 1990 to 2021. To investigate the long-term and short-term interactions between energy and the environment,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Environmental and Sustainability Indicators |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972725000194 |
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| author | Lilik Sugiharti Sharmin Akter Mihir Kumar Das Dulal Chandra Pattak Miguel Angel Esquivias Salma Akter |
| author_facet | Lilik Sugiharti Sharmin Akter Mihir Kumar Das Dulal Chandra Pattak Miguel Angel Esquivias Salma Akter |
| author_sort | Lilik Sugiharti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study uses a stochastic impact model based on population, wealth, and technology to examine carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region from 1990 to 2021. To investigate the long-term and short-term interactions between energy and the environment, this study applies the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) methodology as the baseline regression. The Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) approach shows the complexities of the impacts of economic activities, development, technology, and population growth on environmental quality. The findings suggest that expanding renewable energy consumption and increasing the role of nuclear energy in electricity generation, are significant strategies for reducing CO₂ in ASEAN countries. The CCEMG findings suggest that CO₂ emissions are negatively correlated to the use of fossil fuels. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square tests demonstrated that CO2 emissions decreased with more use of renewable and nuclear energy sources. However, economic growth, population expansion, and increasing energy intensity have significantly contributed to the persistent rise of CO₂ emissions across the region. This research highlights the necessity of diversifying the energy mix, improving energy efficiency, and redesigning economic and demographic development paths to enhance environmental standards in ASEAN. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e7f0724ad19045a99f7035cdc92b88c9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2665-9727 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental and Sustainability Indicators |
| spelling | doaj-art-e7f0724ad19045a99f7035cdc92b88c92025-01-28T04:14:53ZengElsevierEnvironmental and Sustainability Indicators2665-97272025-06-0126100598Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approachLilik Sugiharti0Sharmin Akter1Mihir Kumar Das2Dulal Chandra Pattak3Miguel Angel Esquivias4Salma Akter5Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60268, IndonesiaDepartment of Economics, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, BangladeshModule Leader & Lecturer, Business and Enterprise, Global Banking School, UKFaculty of Business Studies, Department of Banking & Insurance, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1205, BangladeshFaculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60268, Indonesia; Corresponding author.Department of Economics, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, BangladeshThis study uses a stochastic impact model based on population, wealth, and technology to examine carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region from 1990 to 2021. To investigate the long-term and short-term interactions between energy and the environment, this study applies the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) methodology as the baseline regression. The Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) approach shows the complexities of the impacts of economic activities, development, technology, and population growth on environmental quality. The findings suggest that expanding renewable energy consumption and increasing the role of nuclear energy in electricity generation, are significant strategies for reducing CO₂ in ASEAN countries. The CCEMG findings suggest that CO₂ emissions are negatively correlated to the use of fossil fuels. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square tests demonstrated that CO2 emissions decreased with more use of renewable and nuclear energy sources. However, economic growth, population expansion, and increasing energy intensity have significantly contributed to the persistent rise of CO₂ emissions across the region. This research highlights the necessity of diversifying the energy mix, improving energy efficiency, and redesigning economic and demographic development paths to enhance environmental standards in ASEAN.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972725000194ASEANRenewable energyFossil fuelSustainable environmentSTIRPATNuclear energy |
| spellingShingle | Lilik Sugiharti Sharmin Akter Mihir Kumar Das Dulal Chandra Pattak Miguel Angel Esquivias Salma Akter Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approach Environmental and Sustainability Indicators ASEAN Renewable energy Fossil fuel Sustainable environment STIRPAT Nuclear energy |
| title | Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approach |
| title_full | Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approach |
| title_fullStr | Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approach |
| title_short | Population dynamics, economic growth, energy mix, and environmental pollution in ASEAN: Exploring the role of renewable, nuclear, and nonrenewable energy using the CCEMG approach |
| title_sort | population dynamics economic growth energy mix and environmental pollution in asean exploring the role of renewable nuclear and nonrenewable energy using the ccemg approach |
| topic | ASEAN Renewable energy Fossil fuel Sustainable environment STIRPAT Nuclear energy |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665972725000194 |
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