From fat to facts: Anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist-to-hip ratio in 2,507 adults.
<h4>Background and aims</h4>Direct assessment of skinfold thickness and waist and hip girths provides information about body fat and its distribution, avoiding estimation errors due to predictive equations. The present study aimed to provide new centile curves for the sum of eight skinfo...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326111 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849319439152971776 |
|---|---|
| author | Francesco Campa Giuseppe Coratella Cristian Petri Fabrizio Spataro Davide Charrier Giuseppe Cerullo Giulia Baroncini Eleonora Faraone Giorgio Pio Alberto Marinelli Sofia Serafini Salvatore Vaccaro Matteo Pincella Pascal Izzicupo Antonio Paoli |
| author_facet | Francesco Campa Giuseppe Coratella Cristian Petri Fabrizio Spataro Davide Charrier Giuseppe Cerullo Giulia Baroncini Eleonora Faraone Giorgio Pio Alberto Marinelli Sofia Serafini Salvatore Vaccaro Matteo Pincella Pascal Izzicupo Antonio Paoli |
| author_sort | Francesco Campa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background and aims</h4>Direct assessment of skinfold thickness and waist and hip girths provides information about body fat and its distribution, avoiding estimation errors due to predictive equations. The present study aimed to provide new centile curves for the sum of eight skinfold thicknesses (Σ8SKF) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in adult population, and to identify breakpoints during adulthood.<h4>Methods</h4>The present investigation was conceived as a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Stature, body mass, eight skinfold thicknesses (i.e., triceps, biceps, subscapular, iliac crest, supraspinal, abdominal, thigh, and calf) and waist and hip girths were measured according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol in 1,313 men and 1,194 women aged 18-65 years. Smoothed age- and sex-specific percentile curves were generated using the Lambda Mu and Sigma method. For both sexes, simple linear regressions of the dependent variable (Σ8SKF and WHR) versus the explanatory variable (age) were performed to investigate changes in the response variable's slope and to test for potential breakpoints.<h4>Results</h4>Reference percentile curves (3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th) for Σ8SKF and WHR were provided. In men, Σ8SKF increased by 1.0 mm/year between the ages of 21 and 59, while in women, it increased by 3.8 mm/year between the ages of 38.5 and 47. In men, WHR showed a progressive increase of 0.004/year until the age of 28.4, followed by a slower increase of 0.003/year throughout the lifespan. In women, WHR increased by 0.003/year from the age of 20-65.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Σ8SKF and WHR appear sex- and age-specific. Scientists and practitioners are provided with reference values for the adult population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e7eb514bfc2e4e0fa1f88533eb504398 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-e7eb514bfc2e4e0fa1f88533eb5043982025-08-20T03:50:26ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01206e032611110.1371/journal.pone.0326111From fat to facts: Anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist-to-hip ratio in 2,507 adults.Francesco CampaGiuseppe CoratellaCristian PetriFabrizio SpataroDavide CharrierGiuseppe CerulloGiulia BaronciniEleonora FaraoneGiorgio Pio Alberto MarinelliSofia SerafiniSalvatore VaccaroMatteo PincellaPascal IzzicupoAntonio Paoli<h4>Background and aims</h4>Direct assessment of skinfold thickness and waist and hip girths provides information about body fat and its distribution, avoiding estimation errors due to predictive equations. The present study aimed to provide new centile curves for the sum of eight skinfold thicknesses (Σ8SKF) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in adult population, and to identify breakpoints during adulthood.<h4>Methods</h4>The present investigation was conceived as a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Stature, body mass, eight skinfold thicknesses (i.e., triceps, biceps, subscapular, iliac crest, supraspinal, abdominal, thigh, and calf) and waist and hip girths were measured according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol in 1,313 men and 1,194 women aged 18-65 years. Smoothed age- and sex-specific percentile curves were generated using the Lambda Mu and Sigma method. For both sexes, simple linear regressions of the dependent variable (Σ8SKF and WHR) versus the explanatory variable (age) were performed to investigate changes in the response variable's slope and to test for potential breakpoints.<h4>Results</h4>Reference percentile curves (3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th) for Σ8SKF and WHR were provided. In men, Σ8SKF increased by 1.0 mm/year between the ages of 21 and 59, while in women, it increased by 3.8 mm/year between the ages of 38.5 and 47. In men, WHR showed a progressive increase of 0.004/year until the age of 28.4, followed by a slower increase of 0.003/year throughout the lifespan. In women, WHR increased by 0.003/year from the age of 20-65.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Σ8SKF and WHR appear sex- and age-specific. Scientists and practitioners are provided with reference values for the adult population.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326111 |
| spellingShingle | Francesco Campa Giuseppe Coratella Cristian Petri Fabrizio Spataro Davide Charrier Giuseppe Cerullo Giulia Baroncini Eleonora Faraone Giorgio Pio Alberto Marinelli Sofia Serafini Salvatore Vaccaro Matteo Pincella Pascal Izzicupo Antonio Paoli From fat to facts: Anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist-to-hip ratio in 2,507 adults. PLoS ONE |
| title | From fat to facts: Anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist-to-hip ratio in 2,507 adults. |
| title_full | From fat to facts: Anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist-to-hip ratio in 2,507 adults. |
| title_fullStr | From fat to facts: Anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist-to-hip ratio in 2,507 adults. |
| title_full_unstemmed | From fat to facts: Anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist-to-hip ratio in 2,507 adults. |
| title_short | From fat to facts: Anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist-to-hip ratio in 2,507 adults. |
| title_sort | from fat to facts anthropometric references and centile curves for sum of skinfolds and waist to hip ratio in 2 507 adults |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326111 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT francescocampa fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT giuseppecoratella fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT cristianpetri fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT fabriziospataro fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT davidecharrier fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT giuseppecerullo fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT giuliabaroncini fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT eleonorafaraone fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT giorgiopioalbertomarinelli fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT sofiaserafini fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT salvatorevaccaro fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT matteopincella fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT pascalizzicupo fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults AT antoniopaoli fromfattofactsanthropometricreferencesandcentilecurvesforsumofskinfoldsandwaisttohipratioin2507adults |